DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e137
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e136
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.262
Zeeshan Ansar Ahmed, Muhammad Shariq Shaikh, Muhmmad Hasan Hayat, Hamayail Ansari, Huzaifa Bin Rashid, Tariq Moatter and Zeeshan Ansar Ahmed*
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.261
In Pakistan the disease burden of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is quite high, yet there is a lack of scientific evidence regarding the spectrum of BCR-ABL rearrangement variants in CML and ALL. Knowing about BCR-ABL rearrangement is important in determining the prognosis and treatment strategy of disease at the time of diagnosis. This study included a total of 685 patients, out of which there were 644 CML patients and 41 ALL patients, from October 2016-July 2019. From the CML group, 270 patients were reported to have the BCR-ABL1 transcript, from which 50% were males. Whereas in the ALL group, 35 patients were reported to have the BCR-ABL1 transcript out of which 65.7% were males. Proportions of BCR-ABL transcript type differed between the two groups, with b3a2 (63.3%) and b2a2 (34.8%) transcript types having the highest frequency in CML patients, whereas e1a2 (77.1%) and b3a2 (11.3%) transcript types were found to have the highest frequency in ALL patients. Our data shows transcript genotypes in CML and ALL patients in an Asian population, which may be useful to guide the clinical management and assess prognosis. Since the majority of our CML population had the b3a2 transcript, they have a better prognosis and treatment response.
Alphonsus Ogbonna Ogbuabor*, Peter Uwadiegwu Achukwu, Silas Anayo Ufelle and Daniel Chukwuemeka Ogbuabor
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.260
The JAK-STAT pathway mediates signals that are involved in hematopoiesis. Aberrant JAK-STAT signaling has been identified in myeloproliferative neoplasm making the pathway a novel therapeutic target for myeloproliferative neoplasms through the application of JAK inhibitors. A major limitation to therapy with the current JAK inhibitors is a lack of selectivity which results in toxicity to patients. It is thought that increasing the selectivity of inhibitors will reduce toxicity observed with JAK inhibition therapy. System biology is a novel technology that holds great potentials for increasing the selectivity of JAK inhibitors. Its Application to drug designing can broaden the spectrum as well as repurpose the available JAK inhibitors for improved clinical outcome and possible cure for myeloproliferative neoplasms. This review presents an overview on the role of system biology in JAK inhibition therapy for myeloproliferative neoplasms.
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e140
Satoshi Miwa, Ryota Chijimatsu*, Hideshi Ishii and Taku Saito
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.266
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely studied for regeneration therapy in various organs/diseases and are currently being developed for clinical practice. Despite the hope brought by MSC therapy, the characteristics of MSCs remain ambiguous, where cells have distinct features depending on their sources and species. With regard to cartilage therapy, MSCs from the bone marrow and synovium have been clinically examined based on their differentiation into chondrocytes in animal studies. However, recent studies have outlined other reparative mechanisms of MSCs, such as paracrine effects. Thus, the regeneration mechanisms are still elusive, and the key features of MSCs that determine their reparative activity have not been established. In this review, we summarize the current literature and discuss the importance of the assays to evaluate “human” MSCs considering the in vivo environment and reparative mechanisms.
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e141
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.267
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.268
Rainer Seitz*, Lutz Gürtler and Wolfgang Schramm
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.265
The COVID-19 pandemic so far caused millions of deaths, and the therapeutic options for high-risk patients are far from being satisfactory. Active immunization by vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein provides good protection from a severe course of COVID-19. It has been explored in numerous clinical trials, whether also passive immunization by transfusion of convalescent plasma could positively influence the course of COVID-19. Large randomized clinical trials failed to demonstrate a benefit for patients with advanced disease. However, the antibody dose and timing of transfusion might have contributed to this negative result. Randomized clinical trials are necessary to make evidence-based progress in the development of therapeutic options, and this holds true also for “natural” concepts. However, even highquality trials are just a tool to test predefined hypotheses. Arguments are presented that convalescent plasma should be further evaluated in clinical trials as proactive, quasi “prophylactic” treatment by giving a sufficient amount of CCP early enough (before massive virus replication). A solid scientific foundation for the principle of target specific and temporarily adapted passive immunization would be very important even beyond COVID-19 as fast and flexible instrument also in future outbreaks of novel pathogens.
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e139
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e138
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.264
Yusuke Murakami and Naomi Yamashita*
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.263
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e134
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.e135
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.257
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.258
DOI: 10.37421/2165-7831.2021.11.259
Journal of Blood & Lymph received 313 citations as per Google Scholar report
