Shilpa Deshpande
Abbott J Haron
Arpita Bhattacharjee
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.605
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.604
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.606
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.e111
Sia Willy Machange* and Mwapashuha Hamis Fujo
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.607
Project-wise, communication is an important element that many ignore its strategizing in projects operations. Communications in rural-setting projects especially in developing countries still needed further studies to reduce number of project failure triggered by poor communication. Therefore, the study aimed at assessing effective communication management emphasizing on the communication channels used in achieving stakeholder satisfaction in project-based organizations choosing RECODA’s project as a case study. With 125 sample respondents, the study established types and examined effectiveness of various communication channels. The findings envisaged that; traditional channels are still highly used in rural-oriented projects. Of the four communication channels used, face-to-face and meetings were rated the most effective modes of communication channels preferred by the stakeholders in projects due their convenience. Physical factors and few mobile phone ownerships were some of the highly rated barriers to effective communication. Conclusively, modern communication channels adoption is poor rural-based projects is still challenging.
Feng Zhao, Dingning Zhang and Jie Zhang
The distribution of the underground economy in China shows obvious regional differences and has an important impact on the environmental pollution of relevant provinces. The spatial data analysis method is used to study the spatial differences between central and peripheral areas and between developed and backward areas in China’s underground economy, and the degree of provincial environmental pollution has significant spatial dependence. On this basis, the spatial error model and spatial lag model are further used to empirically analyze the impact of the underground economy and its scale on China’s environmental pollution, and the impact degree of underground economic growth on the ecological environment in various provinces of China is discussed. The research results show that there is a negative correlation between the underground economy and environmental pollution in various provinces of China, and the development of and changes in the underground economy and the way it acts on the macroeconomic determine the sustainability of this relationship. In addition, the impact degree of China’s provincial underground economic growth on the ecological environment differs in different regions. The impact of the underground economy on the ecological environment in the eastern and central regions is most significant from the early stage to the middle stage, and the impact of the underground economy on the ecological environment in the western region is most obvious in the middle stage.
Timothy Fry* and Yu Tian
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.599
First-Price-Sealed-Bid (FPSB) are widely used in both the public and private sectors. In a FPSB procurement common value auction, a seller must first estimate their cost to provide the product requested by the buyer and then determine a bid amount by adding a markup to the cost estimate. This markup must consider desired profits as well as informational uncertainties regarding the cost estimates since actual costs of production are known only after the product is produced. In this paper, we investigate the impact of better cost estimates on firm profitability and bidding strategy in a two- and three-bidder auction. Based on field data from over 1000 procurement auctions, we assume that errors in cost estimation follow a normal distribution. This assumption greatly complicates the analysis such that finding an analytical solution is unlikely. Therefore, using a numerical solution approach, we find the equilibrium solution for each type of seller under a variety of parameter settings. We find that advantaged sellers will be more profitable yet submit more aggressive bids. These results depend on the number of advantaged and disadvantaged sellers competing. Indeed, if there is more than a single advantaged seller competing, they will submit very aggressive bids resulting in profits that may actually decrease as each gets better at estimating costs. Our results provide a clear understanding as to the importance of accurate product cost estimates and extends the research on the effects of cost estimation accuracy in procurement auctions.
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.602
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.e108
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.e107
Rural areas in Kogi State Nigeria are facing neglect with attendant rise in the rates of poverty, unemployment and general underdevelopment thereby aggravating rural-urban migration. The underdevelopment of rural areas in the State calls for modern day innovations that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offers. This study investigated the impact of ICT on rural development in Kogi State from the perspectives of poverty reduction. The study was based on the neoclassical theory of poverty. Multi-stage sampling method was adopted to select 10 households each from 120 rural communities that were earlier randomly selected from the 21 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the State. This makes a total sample of 1,200 households used in the survey. Three models of regression were estimated in the study using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique. The results show that access to, ownership and utilization of ICT by households have had positive and statistically significant impact on poverty reduction in rural areas of Kogi State at 5% significance level. The study concluded that access, ownership and utilization of ICT have positively impacted the people in rural areas of Kogi State. The study recommended that Kogi State government, Non- Governmental Organizations and individual philanthropists should establish more ICT training centers and Community Internet Service Centers (CISC) in rural areas. Also, rural dwellers in Kogi State should make themselves available for ICT training.
Yacouba Conde* and Zhoulianying
In the machine learning technique, the knowledge graph is advancing swiftly; however, the basic models are not able to grasp all the affluence of the script that comes from the different personal web graphics, social media, ads, and diaries, etc., ignoring the semantic of the basic text identification. The knowledge graph provides a real way to extract structured knowledge from the texts and desire images of neural network, to expedite their semantics examination. In this study, we propose a new hybrid analytic approach for sentiment evaluation based on knowledge graphs, to identify the polarity of sentiment with positive and negative attitudes in short documents, particularly in 4 chirps. We used the tweets graphs, then the similarity of graph highlighted metrics and algorithm classification pertain sentimentality pre-dictions. This technique facilitates the explicability and clarifies the results in the knowledge graph. Also, we compare our differentiate the embedding’s n-gram based on sentiment analysis and the result is indicated that our study can outperform classical n-gram models, with an F1-score of 89% and recall up to 90%.
Charles Orina* and Fred Sporta
The main objective of this study is to determine mobile banking effects on commercial banks’ operational efficiency. The study looked at mobile banking loans concerning commercial banks operational efficiencies in Kenya. The study was guided by the financial deepening theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design targeting 41 commercial banks in Kenya. The study adopted a census survey, using secondary data from Kenya's central bank and the commercial banks' annual financial reports in Kenya. Data on the number of loans and advances issued by the banks. The study covered nine years from 2010-2018. STATA software was used in data analysis, descriptive and statistical inferential. The independent variable was measured against the dependent variable to examine if they affected commercial banks' operational efficiency. Regression equations estimated the relationship between the variables. Hausman test was used to specify the adoption of random effect or fixed effect models in panel data. The Hausman tested and fixed effect model was selected. The diagnostic tests covering heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, multicollinearity, and normality tests were also conducted. The findings were presented using graphs and tables. The results were as follows: Mobile loans (β=0.474, p<0.05). The study concluded that mobile banking loans had a significant effect on commercial banks' operational efficiency in Kenya. The study recommended that commercial banks invest more in mobile loans since it had a positive relationship with commercial banks' operational efficiency in Kenya. The study results would enhance the adoption of more financial innovation in the banking industry that would contribute to the economy's overall grow.
Shelter is one of the main desires of mankind and it is by far very important for the physical survival of man. The adequacy and excellence of housing is a testament to productivity, happiness and satisfaction. However, in Ethiopia, it is very difficult to build a house of your own or buy or even rent one. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine the determinants of urban housing choice in the town of Debre Berhan, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. This study shows that socioeconomic and institutional factors are the determinants of urban housing choice. The paper recommends future studies focusing on the challenges and prospects of urban housing. Increase the ability to provide quality and quantity housing at low prices.
Dimitri Sanga, Ehouman Williams Venance Ahouakan* and N’goran Assigno Frejus Adje
Like East and Central African sub-regions, West Africa performs modestly both in terms of productivity and governance. Low labour productivity in West Africa as well as the resulting lack of competitiveness, poverty and insecurity, increases the probability for this sub-region to not achieve the SDGs by 2030. It is therefore necessary to find ways to improve this. This study is part of this perspective. Beyond the traditional determinants of labour productivity, such as, physical capital stock, human capital and technical progress, it examines whether the quality of public policies and the institutional environment are likely to explain the performances recorded in terms of productivity in ECOWAS countries. Relying upon a neoclassical framework of reference, an econometric analysis is used for this purpose. The results confirm that improvement in the quality of public policies and institutions are overall associated with higher levels of productivity in these countries. However, some specificity is observed at the sectorial levels. Furthermore, the econometric analysis highlights a positive effect of investment and human capital on this productivity. The study recommends that the ECOWAS member states should improve their institutional quality and public policies. This could enable them to derive greater benefit from the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area agreement (ACFTA).
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.608
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.610
The phenomenon of demographic dividend signals transition of a country characterized by minimal use of technology, low level of education, and low economic growth having high birth and death rates to an industrialized nation with advanced technology, higher literacy level, and income growth having low birth rates and low death rates. The existing scientific literature confirms that now developed nations were able to successfully exploit their demographic dividend and translate it into sustained economic growth and improved standard of living. The birth rates and death rates are affiliated to and correlate with accompanying stages of manufacturing growth. The objective of this study is to review the experience of three countries in exploiting their demographic dividend and map out the lessons that India can implement to benefit from this window of opportunity. The countries selected for examination are the Republic of Korea, Brazil, and China. The nations selected had varied success in unlocking the demographic dividend. South Korea along with other Asian tiger economies has successfully utilized both first and second demographic dividend. With sustained investment in health and education along with increasing women's participation in the labor force and utilizing increased saving rates for capital accumulation, it was successful in leveraging its demographic dividend for economic development. China too greatly benefitted from its first demographic dividend becoming the 'factory of the world'. Comprehensive planning and its effective implementation along with an export-oriented growth strategy led to accelerated economic growth. With an aging population and the demographic effects of the one-child policy, China's ability to capitalize on the second demographic dividend in the future is not certain. Brazil on the other has failed to take advantage of its favorable demographic transition. With misplaced priorities and the absence of determined policy action to manage its demographic transition, Brazil has left itself vulnerable to demographic 'disaster' instead. The paper concludes that demographic dividend is not a guaranteed event for a country. To successfully benefit from demographic dividend a country needs conducive policy planning and investment in the development and utilization of the country's human capital. India also needs to correct the problem of 'missing women' in its labor force. It needs to empower local public administration to ensure efficient public services and fostering local opportunities. Also, India should have the foresight to formulate a comprehensive economic and social strategy to ensure a smooth demographic transition from a young country to a middleaged one. A country's success with demographic dividend ultimately needs integrated demographic, political, economic and, social policies altered a country's requirements.
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.609
Motivation of employees is a vital measure in human resources management which helps enterprises to promote the realization of the enterprise goals by improving employee motivation. Promotion and salary increase are the most widely used incentive means. If salary increase and promotion are used efficiently, they can achieve twice the result with half the effort, which is conducive to the enterprise to build a standard, and reasonable structure of the staff. An enterprise is usually a group made of many people. The game between the employer and the employees exists at all time. In the management process, the employer as well as the enterprise should consider how to balance the relative factors of all aspects to make the best management effects. The application of motivation to balance the advantage and the disadvantage can solve some problems in human resource management This paper analyses the game theory behavior of enterprises and employees under different strategies of salary increase and promotion, and recommends that enterprises should maintain the average level of wage growth in the market, increase salary moderately in the stage of rapid economic growth, and attach importance to the needs of highly skilled and talented employees, so as to provide some reference for human resources management of enterprises.
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.611
DOI: 10.37421/2162-6359.2021.10.e112
