Molecular Biology: Open Access

Activated carbon (AC) powder was prepared by the KOH activation of date palm leaves (Phoenix dactylifera L). Date palm leaves (DPLs) were pre-carbonized at low temperatures, ground to a fine green powder and activated with 0%–7% KOH (by weight), before being carbonized at 700°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The activated carbon powders (ACPs) produced was characterized in terms of pore size, surface area and fractal dimensions of pores. The measurements were made using nitrogen adsorption properties (BET), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Results indicate that the pore structure of the ACs is mainly composed of mesoporous micropores of (0.88-17.0 nm) (BET) and (8.0-10.2 nm) (SAXS) with a relatively small surface area (SBET) of (0.37–2.0222 m²/g) and (SSAXS) of (0.8–0.6111 m²/g) respectively. The BET and SAXS data were of the same order of magnitude and the pore size destruction was close to that treated with 1% KOH. The fractal dimensions of pores are in the range of 1.62 to 1.7, which is like the particle sizes of carbon black, according to the visual inspection and gray-level histogram of the internal structure. These results indicate a lack of KOH concentration does not improve the surface areas of the ACs powder. Probably the KOH concentration is too high, but AC powders with micropores and mesopore structures could be used as a filter for scavenging contaminants from liquid and gases.

Solid carbon pellets (SCPs) were prepared from the self-adhesive properties of palm leaves (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by compression pressure from 5 to 21 metric tons and carbonization at 1000°C. Characterizations of solid carbon pellets (SCPs) were carried out in terms of crystallites dimensions, lattice constant, Young's modulus, and volumetric strain experience. The Young’s was also estimated from the crystallites dimensions by applying the microscopic cross-linking model given by (Emmerich 1995) as a class of X-ray diffraction application. X-ray diffraction intensity shows that the structure of the SCPs is turbostatic, and its crystallite dimensions are improved by increasing the compressive pressure, while it is lattices constant remain constant. Increasing compressive pressure led to a gradual increase in Young’s modulus and volumetric strain experience. The crystallite dimensions, elastic modulus and volumetric strain could be facilely adjusted by changing the compression pressure. The estimated Young’s modulus from microscopic cross-linking model was in a good agreement with that measured by ultrasonic techniques, showing that the behavior of the Young’s modulus is related to the crystallite dimensions. These results can be concluded that the crystal dimension can play an essential role in the phenotypic and description of SCP pellets, indicating the applicability of microscopic cross-linking model to estimate the mechanical properties of the carbon materials.

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