Brief Report - (2025) Volume 9, Issue 2
Received: 03-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. fsb-25-171968;
Editor assigned: 05-Mar-2025, Pre QC No. P-171968;
Reviewed: 19-Mar-2025, QC No. Q-171968;
Revised: 24-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. R-171968;
Published:
31-Mar-2025
, DOI: 10.37421/2577-0543.2025.9.215
Citation: Petrova, Elena. ”Targeted Drug Delivery: Innovations for Precision Therapie.” J Formul Sci Bioavailab 09 (2025):215.
Copyright: © 2025 Petrova E. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
This article delves into how nanomaterials are revolutionizing cancer treatment by enabling more precise drug delivery. It really highlights the diverse types of nanomaterials used, like liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles, and discusses how they're engineered to target tumor cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. What this means for us is a clearer picture of the current therapeutic landscape and where future research should focus, especially concerning the clinical translation of these advanced systems [1].
Here's the thing, gene editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 hold immense promise, but getting them precisely where they need to go in the body is a major hurdle. This review explores the cutting-edge in targeted delivery systems designed for CRISPR/Cas9. It breaks down various strategies, from viral vectors to non-viral nanoparticles, explaining how researchers are enhancing specificity and efficiency. Ultimately, it offers insight into how these delivery innovations are bringing gene therapies closer to clinical reality [2].
Delivering drugs to the brain is notoriously challenging due to the blood-brain barrier. This article really lays out the various strategies being explored to overcome this obstacle, ranging from direct administration methods to advanced nanoparticle systems and receptor-mediated transport. It offers a comprehensive overview of how researchers are trying to enhance brain permeability and specificity, which is crucial for treating neurological disorders effectively [3].
mRNA therapeutics are game-changers, but their effectiveness heavily relies on targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues. This paper discusses the latest advancements in achieving this specificity, highlighting lipid nanoparticles and other non-viral carriers engineered with targeting ligands. What this means for therapeutic development is a pathway towards safer and more potent mRNA vaccines and gene therapies, broadening their application across various diseases [4].
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a sophisticated form of targeted delivery, combining the precision of antibodies with potent cytotoxic drugs. This article offers a solid overview, starting from the critical process of selecting appropriate targets on cancer cells to the current clinical applications and challenges. It really emphasizes how these 'guided missiles' are designed to deliver a therapeutic payload directly to diseased cells, enhancing efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity [5].
Nanobodies, being smaller and more stable than conventional antibodies, are increasingly attractive for targeted drug delivery, especially in cancer therapy. This review explores the recent advancements in using nanobodies to create highly specific delivery systems. It details how their unique properties allow for better tissue penetration and simplified engineering, ultimately improving drug accumulation at tumor sites and reducing off-target effects [6].
Targeting drug delivery to the lungs presents a unique set of challenges due to their complex anatomy and physiological barriers. This paper critically examines the current hurdles and the innovative strategies being developed to overcome them. It discusses various nanoparticle-based approaches, highlighting their potential to deliver therapeutics directly to lung tissues, which is vital for treating respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and lung cancer [7].
Macrophages, as key immune cells, are being ingeniously repurposed as vehicles for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. This article explores how these cells can naturally home in on tumors, and how researchers are modifying them to carry and release therapeutic agents. Itâ??s an exciting area of research that could lead to new ways of delivering drugs more effectively and with fewer side effects by exploiting the body's own defense mechanisms [8].
Exosomes, small vesicles naturally secreted by cells, are gaining traction as potent carriers for targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment. This review discusses their unique advantages, like biocompatibility and inherent targeting capabilities, and how they can be engineered to carry various therapeutic payloads. It offers valuable insights into the ongoing efforts to harness these natural nanoparticles to deliver drugs precisely to tumor sites, promising enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity [9].
Using bacteria for tumor-targeted drug delivery is an innovative approach, leveraging their natural tropism for hypoxic tumor microenvironments. This article explores how bacteria can be engineered to carry and release therapeutic agents specifically within tumors, offering a highly localized treatment strategy. It discusses the different bacterial strains being investigated and the methods to enhance their safety and efficacy, presenting a fascinating blend of microbiology and oncology for precision medicine [10].
This collection of work highlights the transformative potential of targeted drug delivery across various therapeutic areas, especially in cancer. Nanomaterials are revolutionizing cancer treatment by enabling more precise drug delivery, showcasing diverse types like liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles engineered to target tumor cells while minimizing harm to healthy tissues [1]. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a sophisticated form of targeted delivery, combining the precision of antibodies with potent cytotoxic drugs. This approach emphasizes how these 'guided missiles' are designed to deliver a therapeutic payload directly to diseased cells, enhancing efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity [5]. Nanobodies, being smaller and more stable than conventional antibodies, are increasingly attractive for targeted drug delivery, particularly in cancer therapy. Their unique properties allow for better tissue penetration and simplified engineering, ultimately improving drug accumulation at tumor sites and reducing off-target effects [6]. Exosomes, small vesicles naturally secreted by cells, are gaining traction as potent carriers for targeted drug delivery in cancer treatment. Their unique advantages, like biocompatibility and inherent targeting capabilities, offer valuable insights into harnessing these natural nanoparticles to deliver drugs precisely to tumor sites, promising enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity [9].
Gene editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 hold immense promise, but precise delivery within the body remains a major hurdle. Reviews explore cutting-edge targeted delivery systems for CRISPR/Cas9, breaking down strategies from viral vectors to non-viral nanoparticles, and explaining how researchers are enhancing specificity and efficiency. Ultimately, these delivery innovations are bringing gene therapies closer to clinical reality [2]. mRNA therapeutics are game-changers, but their effectiveness relies heavily on targeted delivery to specific cells or tissues. Advancements in achieving this specificity highlight lipid nanoparticles and other non-viral carriers engineered with targeting ligands. What this means for therapeutic development is a pathway towards safer and more potent mRNA vaccines and gene therapies, broadening their application across various diseases [4].
Beyond synthetic or engineered nanoparticles, natural biological systems are also being repurposed for targeted delivery. Macrophages, as key immune cells, are ingeniously used as vehicles for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. Researchers are modifying these cells, which naturally home in on tumors, to carry and release therapeutic agents. This exciting area of research could lead to new ways of delivering drugs more effectively and with fewer side effects by exploiting the body's own defense mechanisms [8]. Similarly, using bacteria for tumor-targeted drug delivery is an innovative approach, leveraging their natural tropism for hypoxic tumor microenvironments. Bacteria can be engineered to carry and release therapeutic agents specifically within tumors, offering a highly localized treatment strategy, presenting a fascinating blend of microbiology and oncology for precision medicine [10].
Addressing organ-specific challenges, delivering drugs to the brain is notoriously challenging due to the Blood-Brain Barrier. Various strategies are being explored to overcome this obstacle, ranging from direct administration methods to advanced nanoparticle systems and receptor-mediated transport. These efforts are crucial for enhancing brain permeability and specificity, vital for treating neurological disorders effectively [3]. Targeting drug delivery to the lungs presents another unique set of challenges due to their complex anatomy and physiological barriers. Papers critically examine current hurdles and innovative strategies, discussing various nanoparticle-based approaches. These highlight their potential to deliver therapeutics directly to lung tissues, which is vital for treating respiratory diseases like asthma, COPD, and lung cancer [7].
Targeted drug delivery has become a cornerstone in advanced therapeutics, aiming to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. Here's the thing, researchers are exploring diverse strategies, from using nanomaterials like liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles for precise cancer drug delivery, to repurposing natural cellular components such as exosomes and macrophages as therapeutic carriers. Gene editing technologies, specifically CRISPR/Cas9, are seeing advancements in targeted delivery systems, utilizing viral and non-viral nanoparticles to boost specificity and efficiency. Similarly, mRNA therapeutics rely heavily on targeted delivery, with lipid nanoparticles and engineered non-viral carriers broadening their application across various diseases. Beyond general targeting, specific physiological barriers, like the Blood-Brain Barrier, are being tackled with advanced nanoparticle systems and receptor-mediated transport to treat neurological disorders. Lung-specific delivery also faces hurdles, addressed by innovative nanoparticle-based approaches vital for respiratory conditions. Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) provide a sophisticated approach, combining antibodies with cytotoxic drugs to precisely deliver payloads to cancer cells. Nanobodies, due to their smaller size and stability, offer improved tissue penetration for cancer therapy. Even bacteria are being engineered to exploit tumor microenvironments for localized drug release. What this really means is a significant push towards more intelligent drug delivery, focusing on precision, safety, and overcoming biological obstacles to bring cutting-edge therapies closer to clinical reality.
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Journal of Formulation Science & Bioavailability received 23 citations as per Google Scholar report
