Perspective - (2025) Volume 9, Issue 2
Received: 03-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. jigc-25-172256;
Editor assigned: 05-Mar-2025, Pre QC No. P-172256;
Reviewed: 19-Mar-2025, QC No. Q-172256;
Revised: 24-Mar-2025, Manuscript No. R-172256;
Published:
31-Mar-2025
, DOI: 10.37421/2684-4591.2025.9.310
Citation: Dupont, Isabelle. ”HCM: Advancements in Diagnosis, Treatment and Future.” J Interv Gen Cardiol 09 (2025):310.
Copyright: © 2025 Dupont I. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution
and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
These guidelines represent a significant update for managing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, emphasizing a patient-centered approach to diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment strategies, including pharmacologic, interventional, and surgical options. They incorporate the latest evidence to help clinicians navigate the complexities of HCM care effectively [1].
This review highlights the evolving landscape of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, focusing on current diagnostic challenges, advanced imaging techniques, and emerging therapeutic approaches. It covers genetic insights and the need for individualized management strategies to improve patient outcomes and quality of life [2].
This comprehensive review delves into the complex strategies for assessing sudden cardiac death risk in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients. It discusses the utility of various clinical and imaging parameters, along with the role of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for primary prevention, emphasizing the importance of a nuanced, patient-specific approach [3].
This article explores the journey of mavacamten, a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor, from its development in clinical trials to its current application in managing symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It covers the efficacy, safety, and practical considerations for integrating mavacamten into clinical practice, marking a significant advancement in therapeutic options [4].
This review discusses the unique challenges and considerations in managing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in pediatric populations. It covers diagnostic approaches, risk stratification for sudden cardiac death in children, and current treatment modalities, including both medical and interventional therapies, while also looking ahead at future therapeutic developments [5].
This article reviews the significant advancements in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for diagnosing and managing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It highlights how CMR provides detailed morphological and functional assessments, aiding in accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, and guiding therapeutic decisions by visualizing myocardial fibrosis and structural abnormalities [6].
This paper challenges traditional exercise restrictions in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients, advocating for a more personalized approach. It discusses new evidence suggesting that carefully prescribed, moderate-intensity exercise might be safe and even beneficial for some patients, emphasizing the need for shared decision-making and individualized risk assessment [7].
This review provides an in-depth look at the evolving therapeutic landscape for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, discussing both established and novel pharmacological agents, including myosin inhibitors, and highlighting the growing understanding of disease pathogenesis. It emphasizes the shift towards targeted therapies that address the underlying molecular defects of HCM [8].
This article explores the promising advancements in gene therapies for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including gene editing techniques like CRISPR and gene silencing approaches. It discusses how these novel strategies aim to correct or mitigate the genetic defects underlying HCM, potentially offering curative options and a paradigm shift in treatment [9].
This review provides a detailed overview of advanced imaging techniques crucial for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. It covers the roles of echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and nuclear imaging in characterizing myocardial abnormalities, identifying risk markers, and guiding therapeutic interventions [10].
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, or HCM, demands a sophisticated and patient-centered management strategy, encompassing accurate diagnosis, thorough risk stratification, and a range of treatment options. Recent comprehensive guidelines provide significant updates, detailing pharmacologic, interventional, and surgical choices based on the latest evidence to navigate this complex condition effectively [1]. These guidelines, alongside ongoing research, highlight the continually evolving landscape of HCM care, addressing current diagnostic challenges and emphasizing the need for individualized management strategies that leverage genetic insights to improve patient outcomes and quality of life [2]. The shift towards a more personalized approach is central to modern HCM care.
A primary and critical concern in HCM is the assessment of sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk. Comprehensive reviews delve into intricate strategies for evaluating this risk, considering various clinical and advanced imaging parameters. The crucial role of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) for primary prevention is meticulously discussed, advocating for a nuanced, patient-specific approach to ensure optimal care and proactive intervention [3]. This essential risk assessment framework is further complicated when managing HCM in pediatric populations, where unique diagnostic approaches and specific risk stratification methods are not only required but also continually refined for children, alongside appropriate medical and interventional therapies tailored for their specific needs [5].
Significant strides have been made in the therapeutic landscape for HCM, offering new hope for patients. Mavacamten, a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor, exemplifies this progress, having successfully transitioned from rigorous clinical trials to practical application in managing symptomatic obstructive HCM. This development represents a key advancement, enhancing therapeutic options while carefully considering both efficacy and patient safety [4]. More broadly, the overall therapeutic landscape is rapidly evolving, now including a wider spectrum of established pharmacological agents alongside innovative new ones, such as other myosin inhibitors. This expansion reflects a deeper and more precise understanding of disease pathogenesis, propelling the field towards targeted therapies that directly address the underlying molecular defects of HCM [8].
Advanced imaging techniques are now indispensable tools in the precise diagnosis and ongoing management of HCM. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging, in particular, has seen notable advancements, offering highly detailed morphological and functional assessments of the heart. CMR proves invaluable for accurate diagnosis, effective risk stratification, and critically, for guiding therapeutic decisions by clearly visualizing myocardial fibrosis and other structural abnormalities inherent to the condition [6]. Complementing CMR, other advanced imaging modalities like echocardiography, which remains a cornerstone, and nuclear imaging play equally crucial roles in comprehensively characterizing myocardial abnormalities, identifying specific risk markers, and guiding therapeutic interventions, thereby providing a holistic and detailed diagnostic picture for each patient [10].
Looking ahead, the future of HCM treatment is incredibly promising, with advancements in gene therapies taking center stage. Emerging techniques such as CRISPR and various gene silencing approaches aim to fundamentally correct or mitigate the specific genetic defects that cause HCM. These novel strategies hold the profound potential for curative options, signifying a revolutionary paradigm shift in treatment modalities [9]. Furthermore, even long-standing clinical recommendations, like those concerning exercise, are undergoing re-evaluation. Traditional exercise restrictions are actively being challenged by new evidence. This research suggests that carefully prescribed, moderate-intensity exercise might indeed be safe and even beneficial for some HCM patients, thereby calling for shared decision-making and highly individualized risk assessments to redefine patient activity guidelines and improve quality of life [7]. These ongoing and diverse developments collectively underscore a dynamic and hopeful future for all aspects of HCM patient care.
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Journal of Interventional and General Cardiology received 11 citations as per Google Scholar report
