Omoge Adeyemi O*, Akinduro Oluwaniyi P, Adejumobi Adejumoke O and Eweka Agnes O
Background: Breastfeeding is the feeding a baby with milk that is coming straight from the mother's breast. It provides the infant with the necessary nutrients they require for healthy growth and development. For an infants to live, grow and develop properly they need the right proportion of nutrients. Breast milk is copious in nutrients and anti-bodies and consists of the correct quantities of fat, sugar, water and protein. These nutrients are major requirements for the health and survival of the baby.
Objective: This study was carried out to have a clear understanding about the the breastfeeding practices among mothers in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
Methodology: 50 mothers living in Ede were randomly and systematically selected to participate in the study. Questionnaire containing two sections was used for data collection. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: The study revealed that 18 (36 %) of the respondents were aged 26-30 years, 45 (90%) were Islam, 49 (98%) were Yoruba, 42 (84%) were married, 16 (32%) were civil servants, 30 (60%) had tertiary education and 24 (48%) earned above 41,000. 30 (60%) strongly agree that they have heard of breastfeeding from hospital, maternity clinics, TBA, 34 (68%) strongly agree that breastfeeding a child for six months is good, 22 (44%) agree that breastfeeding is a good contraceptive method, 16 (32%), 22 (44%) strongly agree that breastfeeding promote mother-baby bonding, 18 (36%) strongly agree that breastfeeding has effect on care of family members and marital relationship, 16 (32%) agree that breastfeeding is a good way to decreases family expenses, 20 (40%) agree that breastfeeding prevent low weight in baby, 18 (36%) strongly agree that breastfeeding helps the uterus to return to its pre-pregnancy state quickly.
Conclusion: Breast milk remains the best and most guaranteed kind of nourishment for infants. The health benefits of breastfeeding to infants should not be underestimated. Breastfeeding is well known as the best source of food for infants. Health education programmes on the benefits of breastfeeding to the infant, mother, family and the community should be promoted.
The classical characterization of disaster is unfamiliarity, unpredictability, uncertainty, vulnerability, urgency, intensity and danger. Major disasters include earthquake, landslides, volcanic eruptions, floods hurricanes, fires, tornados, blizzards, tsunamis, cyclones. Apart from causing deaths and severe ill health, disasters also lead to large scale displacement, injuries, epidemics, and substantial economic losses to the communities. Though every emergency or disaster has its own characteristics and demands but the basic measures under disaster management include prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery for which regular training and awareness activities are needed especially among students. The objective of the study was to assess the extent of awareness about disasters and their management among school going children. It was an educational interventional design with an exploratory research approach adopting nonprobability purposive sampling technique in Kanyakumari district. The study also adopted geo-spatial technique to identify the flood vulnerable school in the district. Survey method was employed, on 400 participants aged between 12 and16 years using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire data sheet. The outcome revealed that out of 400 students 43.9% (before intervention) and 93.3% (after intervention) had knowledge of disaster management. These findings emphasize that the extent of knowledge is not yet satisfactory and there is a severe need of providing knowledge to the school children. Disaster management can be compulsorily included in academic curriculum of all the students. Effective, purposeful training and awareness programs are to be timely conducted
Olayinka Adeyosola Adijat*,Alib Elizabeth Folakemi, Atolagbe James E
This study assessed the awareness and knowledge of hypertension in pregnancy among women attending antenatal clinic at State Hospital, Oke-Ogbo, assess the level of knowledge of gestation hypertension among women attending antenatal clinic. This study used a descriptive survey that employed quantitative methods. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 240 eligible respondents from State Hospital, Oke-Ogbo, Ile-Ife. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information. The data were analysed using Descriptive and Inferential Statistics.
The data were subjected to univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses. The association between socio-demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, lifestyle characteristic factors and hypertension in pregnancy was determined using chi square test. The risk factors associated with hypertension in pregnancy were identified using binary logistic regression analysis. The level of significance was determined at p-value less than 0.05. The results showed that 91.6% of the respondents are within age group 21-30 years, 85.8% are Yoruba.
Respondents (59%) have heard of hypertension in pregnancy and respondents (85.8%) had health workers as the major source of information. Respondents (88%) reported irregular heartbeats as sign and symptoms, early morning headache (77.1%) and swollen legs (60.4%). The level of knowledge of hypertension in pregnancy among the respondents showed that 45.0% of them had good knowledge, and 24% had fair knowledge while 31% had poor knowledge. Majority of the pregnant women are aware and have good knowledge of hypertension in pregnancy. Unmarried (single mothers), ethnicity (non Yoruba’s), primigravida and family history of hypertension were the risk
factors significantly associated with hypertension in pregnancy.
Fizana Ashraf Malik*
The purpose of this paper is to encourage financial system in overall development of the country. Economic development of any country relies on its economic system which incorporates its banks, stock markets, insurance sector, pension funds and governments run financial organization authoritatively. Businesses and industries square measure supported by the money systems that because growth employed and successively increase economic activity and domestic trade. It enables the flow of funds from savers to investors to aid in wealth creation and development.
Finance is that the key to attain semi-permanent growth prospective for any country. throughout the last decade, Indian economy has shown loads of progress from a closed, controlled, slow growing economy to an additional open, additional liberalized and additionally one in all a quick growing economy among the developed nations. The paper additionally shows that so as to form economic system more practical and economical, the necessity of effective management, correct governance and management among the various elements of the economic system is needed.
Sumit Sharma* and Ajay Sharma
DOI: 10.37421/ 2736-6189.2022.7.4.274
As the model of buildings for instance: Airports, hotel lobbies, convention malls, shopping malls, atria, theatres and many more, with high clearance between ceiling and floor, is increasing very rapidly, there is a unique challenge for fire safety or fire protection engineers to provide proper fire suppression systems to extinguish fire. It is portentous to decide which sprinklers will be used for that situation. In present time, there are not too many alternative fire protection schemes available for buildings with high level ceiling clearance. The paper addresses the theoretical design and analysis of providing fire protection systems at high level ceiling clearance by designing and analysing a seminal solution to suppress fire.
DOI: DOI: 10.37421/2736-6189.2022.7.284
Background: On the 30th of January, 2020 the respiratory tract infecting disease caused by the novel coronavirus now called COVID-19 (i.e. the short form for Corona virus disease 2019), was declared globally a public health emergency. In this regard, medical students can be a sufficient and reliable source of information. The main aim of the study is to ascertain the “knowledge perceptions and practices of medical students at Kitwe teaching hospital regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine”. Healthcare students, most of whom in some cases are called upon to help as front-line health workers would not only need sufficient knowledge about a crisis such as the one we are facing, but also prioritization in the vaccination protocol. This research thus seeks to help in identifying possible concerns that need attention to deep awareness as well as encourage sufficient vaccination uptake from members of this group.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions of medical students regarding the COVID-19 vaccine at Kitwe Teaching Hospital (KTH).
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey design was employed as the study only observed what was on the ground. The sample size was calculated to be approximately 150. The study employed an online self administered questionnaire in compliance with existing public health requirements like social distancing and reduced person to person interactions. After collecting the data, entry of the data and analysis was carried out using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26.
Results: Out of the calculated sample size of 150, a total of 141 individuals were interviewed making the response rate to be 94%. The majority were male 87 (62.1%) while only 53 (37.9%) females took part in the study. Different age groups took part and the highest frequency was recorded for the age group 21-25 years with 97 (67.8%) participants. The acceptance rate for the COVID-19 vaccine among the study participants was 58.2% with 48.9% willing to take the vaccine when their turn came. From the data analyzed, the knowledge levels were good with 73.8% of the participants having good knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination. This study also found that 55% of medical students were willing to play a role in the fight against COVID-19 if given a chance to, 16.1% were not willing and 28% were not sure.
Conclusion and recommendation: Medical students at KTH showed good knowledge levels and positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, with 73.8% of the participants having good knowledge and the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine among the study participants being 58.2% with 48,9% willing to take the vaccine when their turn came. In addition, they were willing to play a role given the chance. Some of the students still held on to misconceptions about the vaccine with ideas most likely obtained from non-academic sources which shouldn't be the case among medical students.
Gehad Mohammed Ahmed Naji*, Ahmad Shahrul Nizam Isha, Muhammad Shoaib Saleem and Muhammad Ajmal
DOI: 10.37421/2736-6189.2022.7.312
Measuring safety performance improves the organization's workplace to reduce the risk of accidents and obtain more robust safety procedures. Safety performance information reflects the effectiveness and the implementation of safety attitude. Developing a safety culture among employees is a vital element to ensure good safety performance. Safety culture is influenced by different variables such as beliefs, perceptions, attitudes, and values of employees. However, some empirical evidences in the literature relate safety culture with safety performance measurements. Safety performance is measured by a combination of leading and lagging indicators. This study uses these two indicators to make a comparison and description of both health and safety performance. This study review summarizes safety performance measurement processes and analyses the safety culture's predictable influence.
DOI: 10.37421/2736-6189.2023.8.332
Background: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women and recognized as a significant public health problem. Screening is acknowledged as the most effective approach for cervical cancer control. However, in Ethiopia, the existing screening programs are failing to achieve a significant impact.
Objectives: To assess KAP towards cervical cancer screening and its associated factors among women in the reproductive age group, in the Metekel zone, Benishangul-Gumuz region, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed on January 25 to 25, February, 2020, among reproductive age group women living in Benishangul-Gumuz. Multistage sampling, followed by a systematic sampling technique, was used to select 822 study participants. Data were entered using epi-data version 4.1 and further analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis applied to assess the association of dependent variables with different independent variables. Adjusted odd ratio at a p-value less than 0.05 with a respected 95% confidence interval was used to declare the significant association.
Results: A total number of 822 reproductive age women were included in this study giving a response rate of 100%. A bout 16.1% had adequate knowledge towards cervical cancer screening, 42.3% had favorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Only 7.5% of women practiced cervical cancer screening. Higher education (AOR: 5.341, 95% CI: 2.808-10.159) were significantly associated with knowledge and adequate knowledge (AOR: 2, 275: 95%; CI: 1.363-3.798) were significantly predictors of favorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Wealth status (AOR: 3.654; 95% CI: 1.347-9.913) was significantly associated with uptake of cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion and recommendation: This study found that the level of knowledge, attitude and ccs practice among reproductive-age women was sill unacceptably poor. So, the concerned body would aggressively strength program on HID targeted reproductive age women’s of DC in order to create awareness and changing their attitude towards ccs.
DOI: 10.37421/2736-6189.2023.8.345
Background: Oral health is one of the important but most neglected aspect of general wellbeing of a children. Poor oral hygiene negatively impact the growth and self confidence of a children. There is paucity of data regarding effectiveness of planned health teaching programme using posters, audiovisual aids etc.
Materials and methods: This study was conceptualized to assess the knowledge and practices of oral health in govt. middle school children and to assess the impact of planned health teaching programme on oral hygiene. A pre-experimental research approach, one group pre test-post test design was adopted for the study. 44 school children of 3rd to 5th class in a govt school of Rohtak, Haryana were included in this study. Data was collected through structured interview questionnaire of 3rd to 5th class children.
Results: Mean post knowledge score (11.4) was significantly higher than mean pre test knowledge scores (8.6) with mean difference of 2.8 and ‘t’ value of 5.7, (p<0.05).
Conclusion: There is a significant impact of planned health education using power point presentations, placards, posters and live demonstrations on oral hygiene.
Nandhini D*
The chemical industry is inherently associated with various risks and hazards, making workplace safety a critical concern. A comprehensive workplace safety scale is needed to accurately measure and evaluate the perceived level of safety in this industry. This study aims to develop such a scale by considering ten key dimensions: Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) and others, fire protection, chemical safety, safety training, safety motivation, safety personnel, participatory management, service and maintenance, emergency preparedness, and work infrastructure.
Each dimension represents a crucial aspect of workplace safety, addressing factors such as the availability and proper utilization of PPEs, fire prevention and response measures, safe handling of chemicals, comprehensive safety training, employee motivation towards safety, dedicated safety personnel, employee involvement in decision-making processes, equipment maintenance, emergency preparedness, and the quality of work infrastructure.
By incorporating these dimensions into the workplace safety scale, this study aims to provide a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment of perceived workplace safety in the chemical industry. Such a scale will enable organizations to identify areas of improvement, implement targeted safety interventions, and foster a culture of safety that protects the well-being of employees and minimizes the potential risks associated with chemical operations.
The development of a perceived workplace safety scale in the chemical industry will contribute to enhancing safety practices, reducing accidents, and promoting the overall well-being of employees within this sector. This scale will serve as a valuable tool for organizations to evaluate their safety performance, make informed decisions, and continuously improve safety measures to create a safer working environment in the challenging context of the chemical industry.
Assefa Sisay*, Ali Yimer Mohammed and Tiruwork Alemnew
Background: Global disease has sparked renewed interest in universal health coverage in high-income countries. Still, the quality of care has received little attention. Numerous studies have analyzed health system responsiveness and related concepts. However, fewer studies have applied the concept for the evaluation of specific healthcare delivery structures. This study aimed to assess the level of perceived health system responsiveness to patients in North Wollo public hospitals to analyze the determinants of health system responsiveness.
Objective: This study aims to assess health system responsiveness among patients visiting North Wollo public hospitals.
Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study among 758 patients was conducted at North Wollo public hospitals from July to September 2023. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the study population. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool and the data was entered in Epi-data and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to present the findings. The association between dependent and independent variables was assessed by binary and multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The overall health system responsiveness performance of the study was 63.8%. There was a high good responsiveness performance for the basic confidentiality domain (73.6%), dignity domain (69.7%) and communication domain (63.9%). More than half (53.8%) of the respondents had good satisfaction. Regarding patient health quality, more than three-fourths (86.7%) had good perceived patient health quality. Patients’ satisfaction and out-of-pocket payment for transport to reach the health facility were identified as factors affecting the performance of health system responsiveness.
Conclusion: Overall, health system responsiveness performance was higher than in a case-specific study in Ethiopia. This study revealed that the health system responsiveness has differed across domains. Accordingly, of the seven domains that were measured, confidentiality and dignity performed better than other domains.
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