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Open Access Articles On Cytokines | Open Access Journals
Molecular Biology: Open Access

Molecular Biology: Open Access

ISSN: 2168-9547

Open Access
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Open Access Articles On Cytokines

Advanced treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, metastatic cancer remain a major cause of death for cancer patients. While many chemotherapeutic agents can effectively kill cancer cells, long-term protection against cancer is not achieved and many patients experience recurrence of the cancer. Mobilizing and stimulating the immune system against tumor cells is one of the most effective means of protecting oneself against cancers that recur and / or metastasize. Tumor-specific activated cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) can find and destroy metastatic tumor cells and reduce tumor lesions. Natural Killer (NK) cells are a first line defense against drug resistant tumors and can provide tumoricidal activity to improve immune surveillance of tumors. Cytokines like IFN-γ or TNF play a crucial role in the creation of an immunogenic microenvironment and are therefore key players in the fight against metastatic cancer. To this end, a group of anthracyclines or treatments like photodynamic therapy (PDT) exert their effects on cancer cells in a way that activates the immune system. This process, known as immunogenic cell death (ICD), is characterized by the release of membrane-bound and soluble factors that enhance the function of immune cells. This review will explore different types of ICD inducers, some in clinical trials, to demonstrate that optimizing the cytokine response elicited by treatments with ICD inducing agents is essential for promoting anti-cancer immunity which provides lasting protection against recurrence of the disease and metastasis.

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