The phenomenon of neuroendocrine blockade of the reproductive axis in female athletes has garnered significant attention due to its implications for women's health and athletic performance. Intense physical training, coupled with the physiological stress of competitive sports, can lead to alterations in the intricate balance of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis. This disruption often results in disturbances to menstrual function and hormonal irregularities, collectively termed as exercise-induced reproductive dysfunction. This review delves into the complex interplay between neuroendocrine factors and the female reproductive system, highlighting the mechanisms through which excessive exercise and energy deficiency can impact the regulatory networks controlling ovulation and hormone production. Furthermore, the potential long-term consequences of such disturbances, including compromised bone health and fertility issues, are discussed. Various diagnostic criteria and assessment methods are explored, shedding light on the challenges faced by clinicians in identifying and managing these conditions. Strategies to mitigate the effects of neuroendocrine blockade, such as appropriate nutrition and periodized training, are presented with a focus on promoting both optimal athletic performance and reproductive well-being. The synthesis of current research underscores the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration among sports scientists, endocrinologists, and coaches to develop comprehensive approaches that safeguard the health of female athletes while maximizing their potential on the field.
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Journal of Sports Medicine & Doping Studies received 1022 citations as per Google Scholar report
