Dung Tien Nguyen*, Bang Ngoc Dao and Thang Ba Ta
Nowadays, the development of cancer immunotherapy has brought breakthrough results in treatment. However, understanding of the limitations of this therapy remains unclear. While the significant role of dietary energy intake in regulating cancer progression and host immunity is widely acknowledged, the impact of dietary Calorie Restriction (CR) on anti-tumor immune responses remains uncertain. Investigating this, we utilized an immunogenic B16 melanoma cell expressing ovalbumin (B16-OVA) to assess the effect of the CR diet on tumor growth and host immune responses. Furthermore, we evaluated whether the CR diet influenced the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy, specifically anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (anti-PD-1 Ab) treatment. Our findings indicate that the CR diet notably decelerated B16-OVA tumor growth without altering CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration into the tumor. Despite in vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells facilitating tumor growth in the control diet group, no significant change occurred in the CR diet group, with or without CD8+ T cell-depletion. Moreover, under CR conditions, anti-PD-1 Ab treatment lost its efficacy to suppress tumor growth, accompanied by the activation and metabolic shift of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, our study suggests that restricted energy intake in cancer patients may impair CD8+ T cell immune surveillance and diminish the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Journal of Blood & Lymph received 443 citations as per Google Scholar report
