Demissu Afferu*, Teresa Kisi and Yealemwork Kerie
Introduction: Successful Tuberculosis treatment out comes are the most important to control tuberculosis. Due to poor treatment out comes new strain of tuberculosis are raising and it is a serious public health concern. It is compelling to identify, and deal with factors determining treatment outcome.
Objectives: To identify Determinants of treatment outcome among Tuberculosis patients in Jeju woreda, Arsi zone Oromia Regional State Ethiopia 2019.
Methods: A case control study was used where cases were unsuccessfully treated and controls were successfully treated patients. Data was collected by stratified random sampling method and prepared checklist from patients taking DOT in four health centers from June 28/2009 to June 27/ 2018 in Arsi Jeju woreda. The study was done from September 4-14/2019 on 509 controls and 127 cases, 636 total samples. The sample size was calculated by Epinfo version-7 with CI 95%, power 80% and 1:4 cases to control ratio. The samples were selected from TB registration book. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used with 95% confidence interval. Variables with p value <0.2 in Bivariate analyses were moved to multivariate logistic regression. Variable with P value <0.05 in multivariate analyses had significance association with TB treatment out comes.
Results: The case group was composed of 93 (73% response rate) patients with poor treatment outcome while the control group was composed of 509 (100% response rate) patients with good treatment outcome. Un corrected drug dose during second phase treatment (AOR=17.949 95% CI 3.528-91.326), decrease weight at continuation phase (AOR=10.681 95% CI 3.076-37.098), positive sputum result at second month and HIV co-infection were the most determinant factors for unsuccessful treatment out comes of TB patients.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Patients with weight loss, positive smear result at second month, un corrected drug dose at second phase of treatment and HIV positive patients were at higher risk for poor treatment out comes. While patient with increased weight, negative smear result at the end of second month, corrected drug dose at second phase of treatment and HIV negative TB patient were greater chance for good treatment out comes. Evaluation of weight and smear result at second phase of treatment and taking action for patient do not increase weight and unable to convert their smear result and HIV co-infected patients needs close follow up and corrective action would be taken for at risk patients. Corrected drug dose should be given at second phase of treatment.
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