Mai Ahmed Gobran , Safaa AbdelSalam Ibrahim and Sabah Mohamed Hanafy
Postcontact Bleeding (PCB) is defined as bleeding occurring during or immediately after cervical contact as sexual intercourse, vaginal examination and vaginal douches at a time separate from menstruation. It is a common, multifactorial, gynecological symptom.In a review of PCB, the point prevalence of PCB among women in the community ranged from 0.7% to 9%. Occasionally, it is the first presentation of precancerous cervical lesions, and the prevalence of PCB in women with cervical cancer has been reported to vary between 0.7% and 39%.Cervical cytology is used to evaluate women with PCB, and colposcopy is usually performed when there is abnormal cytology.The current management of PCB is not constant. Colposcopy is an important component of the cervical screening program, but there are several disadvantages for patients with PCB undergoing colposcopy screening; for example, patient anxiety and undue distress, use of valuable colposcopy time, and the progression to unnecessary interventions.
Mehdi Ghaffari Sharaf, Karim F Damji and Larry D Unsworth
Exfoliation syndrome is generally considered an age-related ocular disease that presents with a progressive accumulation of fibrillar aggregates in the human eye. A range of risk factors have been identified that are commonly associated with XFS, including a variety of cellular pathways. However, the exact mechanism of this disease is unknown. In contrast to existing literature, it was recently shown that a variety of structural features exist within these fibrillar aggregates associated with exfoliation syndrome. This hithertofore unknown diversity in fibrillar structures suggests that multiple pathways could exist that contribute to the progression of XFS. Herein, we address these recent findings on the diversity of structural polymorphism observed in fibrils isolated from the lens capsule of various XFS patients and situate this in the context of existing literature on fibrillar structure of these materials. These findings may help to reveal more about the biological functions leading to protein misfolding and aggregation into exfoliation materials.
Sui Huang
Pathology is a logical order which includes the investigation of Infections. It supports each part of patient consideration, from symptomatic testing and treatment counsel to utilizing front line hereditary advances and forestalling malady. The entire quintessence of medication lies in Pathology and Microbiology
Amalia Tri Utami
I am glad to introduce the HILARIS’s Journal of Surgical Pathology and Diagnosis Volume 3 Issue 1. During the calendar year 2020, all issues of volume 2 were published online well within the time and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online.
Journal of Surgical Pathology and Diagnosis is an open-access Peer-Reviewed journal that seeks to publish the latest and excellent research papers, reviews and letters in all fields related to the subjects of Pathology. Submissions will be assessed on their scientific validity and merit
Hilaris has been a pioneer in online open access publications to the international audiences in several areas of science where researchers all over the world publish their research discoveries and novel findings. As it is mentioned in the website, ‘Journal of surgical pathology and diagnosis’ focuses on areas such as cytopathology techniques, molecular diagnostics such as DNA/ RNA analysis for detection of infectious agents.
Tumor Budding
Tumor budding is loosely defined by the presence of individual cells and small clusters of tumor cells at the invasive front of carcinomas. It has been postulated to represent an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Tumor budding is a well-established independent adverse prognostic factor in colorectal carcinoma (it is also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine). Signs and symptoms may include blood in the stool, a change in bowel movements, weight loss, and fatigue) that may allow for stratification of patients into risk categories more meaningful than those defined by TNM staging, and also potentially guide treatment decisions, especially in T1 and T3 N0 (Stage II, Dukes’ B) colorectal carcinoma. Unfortunately, its universal acceptance as a reportable factor has been held back by a lack of definitional uniformity with respect to both qualitative and quantitative aspects of tumor budding.
Tumor budding is a microscopic finding which basically refers to the process of dissociation of tumor cells at the invasive front of carcinomas and it was shown to be of prognostic significance in previous literature, with respect to lymph node involvement, recurrence and survival . Various methods were employed for the assessment of tumor budding previously, because no definite method, tumor budding cut-off or microscopic field area for its assessment was defined. Due to its prognostic significance, a standardized method was required and this led to 2016 consensus meeting. The aim of the meeting was to standardize the method of assessment of tumor budding.
In the calendar year 2021, Hilaris is conducting supporting conference to journal. We gladly welcome all the researchers and doctors around the world for the hearing of the foremost recent research and innovations in the field of genetics
I would also like to express my gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, the publisher, the advisory and the editorial board of JSPD, We appreciate our peer reviewers for taking the time and effort necessary to provide insightful guidance, and we try to show our appreciation to our reviewers.
Rebeca Acin-Perez1 , Linsey Stiles and Orian S Shirihai
Mitochondrial function is essential to meet energy demand and to coordinate cellular function. Mitochondria are often referred as the powerhouse of the cell, but besides converting nutrients that we eat into energy that can be used by the cell, mitochondria also play an important role in intercellular signaling.
Nancy J Emenaker
Conferences Series LLC take great pleasure in inviting the scientific community across the globe to the EuroGlobal Summit on Probiotics during August 09-03, 2021 at Zurich, Switzerland. This meeting will explore advances in the Probiotics and Nutraceuticals.
Nancy J Emenaker
Probiotics are live microorganisms promoted with claims that they provide health benefits when consumed, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora. Probiotics are considered generally safe to consume but may cause bacteria-host interactions and unwanted side effects in rare cases. probiotics help send food through your gut by affecting nerves that control gut movement. Researchers are still trying to figure out which are best for certain health problems. Some common conditions they treat are: Irritable bowel syndrome, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Infectious diarrhea (caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites) and Diarrhea caused by antibiotics
Dembe Masiko*
A biopsy is an example of tissue taken from the body to inspect it all the more intently. A specialist ought to suggest a biopsy when an underlying test proposes a territory of tissue in the body isn't ordinary.
Rabia Butt*
Cytopathology is a part of pathology that reviews and determinations sicknesses on the cell level. Cytopathology is by and large utilized on examples of free cells or tissue parts, rather than histopathology, which concentrates entire tissues. Cytopathology is much of the time, less definitely, called "cytology", which signifies "the investigation of cells"
Leo Oliver*
Cirrhosis is a late-stage liver sickness where solid liver tissue is supplanted with scar tissue and the liver is for all time harmed. Scar tissue holds your liver back from working appropriately.
Cellular senescence and calcium signalling are interrelated phenomena of cellular events. As, cellular senescence is associated with stress, alongside it, intracellular calcium signalling has a concern with cellular senescence. Henceforth, both events participate in wound regeneration and governed few of its phases (re-epithelialization, tissue remodelling, inflammation and granulation). Despite it, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake influences the phenomena of fibroblast and myofibroblast differentiation. Quantitative imaging and computational modelling expose hidden features of calcium signalling route. A proper investigation of the role of calcium in specific senescence-associated routes and physiopathological conditions will expose forefront of calcium signalling and its association with cellular senescence.
Endometriosis is a full body condition in which cells like those in the endometrium, the layer of tissue that typically covers within the uterus, develop outside the uterus. Most frequently this is on the ovaries, fallopian cylinders, and tissue around the uterus and ovaries; notwithstanding, in uncommon cases it might likewise happen in different pieces of the body. Some indications incorporate pelvic torment, substantial periods, torment with solid discharges, and infertility. Nearly 50% of those influenced have constant pelvic agony, while in 70% torment happens during menstruation.
Colorectal Cancer, otherwise called entrail malignant growth, colon disease, or rectal malignancy, is the improvement of disease from the colon or rectum. Signs and side effects may remember blood for the stool, an adjustment of defecations, weight reduction, and weakness.
Saleem Abdel Backi, Omar Tabbikha, Jad Al Bitar, Souad Ghattas and Raja Wakim*
Background: Heterotropic Pancreas (HP), also known as ectopic, accessory, or aberrant pancreas is by definition the presence of pancreatic tissue outside its normal anatomical location with no direct blood supply connection with the main pancreas. In the literature, there is increase in the incidence of pathological findings during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Here we present a case of HP incidentally found in the gastric antrum during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Case presentation: 52-year-old female patient with BMI 46.49 kg/m2 presented to undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. After the dissection of the greater curvature of the stomach from the omentum, a lesion at the greater curvature of the stomach on the antral-body junction was identified. Intra-operative gastroscopy was done that showed a benign looking polyploid lesion of the gastric wall with a probable overlying submucosal lesion. No intraluminal mass was identified so a decision to proceed with the surgery was taken and the transected stomach containing the suspected lesion was sent to pathology. The final pathology showed a type 1 2.2 cm heterotropic pancreas involving the submucosa and deep into the muscle.
Discussion and conclusion: HP is usually an asymptomatic pathology found incidentally; however, depending on its size, pathological changes, and anatomical location it can become clinically evident. Even though it is difficult to diagnose HP preoperatively, few radiological characteristics have beed identified that can help in the diagnosis. However, the definitive diagnosis of HP is made histologically. In the case of an incidental HP found during surgery, local excision is the preferred treatment since HP is at risk of becoming symptomatic or malignant when radical surgery is considered. In our case, the location and benign appearance of the lesion, in addition to the result on the gastroscopy allowed us to proceed with our intended surgery.
Usman Hassan, Hina Maqbool*, Sajid Mushtaq Mudassar Hussain, Noreen Akhtar and Iram Khan
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction (CIPO) is a rare gastrointestinal disorder which impairs gastrointestinal motility. It can affect adults as well as children. In this report a 3 year old child who presented with a history of mass at rectosigmoid junction is described, along with a 27 year old female who presented with intestinal obstruction. On gross examination, no tumor was identified in both cases. Microscopic examination revealed additional hypertrophic muscular layer; in first case in between inner circular and outer longitudinal layers and in second case external to normal muscularis externa.
DOI: 10.37532/2684-4575.2021.3(4).e133
DOI: 10.37532/2684-4575.2021.3(4).106
DOI: 10.37532/2684-4575.2021.3(4).107
DOI: 10.37532/2684-4575.2021.3(4).108
DOI: 10.37532/2684-4575.2021.3(4).e132
Cinzia Fasano, Stefania Vadrucci, Antonella Maglietta, Maria Arcangela Cascaranoe and Giovanni Serio*
Solitary fibrous tumor of the kidney is exceptionally rare and limited knowledge regarding its behavior makes the prognosis of this tumor difficult. We report a case of solitary fibrous tumor with diffuse myxoid change and numerous giant cells affecting the left kidney of 69 years of age patient. We discuss the pathologic features, the immunohistochemical profile and the differential diagnosis.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.178
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, including neurosurgical practice. This article examines the impact of the pandemic on everyday neurosurgical practice in Alsace, France, exploring lessons learned, current perspectives, and future challenges. Through a comprehensive review of relevant literature and insights from neurosurgeons on the frontline, we elucidate the adaptations made in patient care, surgical protocols, and healthcare infrastructure. Additionally, we discuss the psychological effects on healthcare professionals and the importance of resilience in navigating through these uncertain times. Understanding the experiences and strategies employed in Alsace can provide valuable insights for neurosurgical communities globally as they continue to confront the evolving challenges posed by the pandemic. Investments in telemedicine infrastructure and digital health technologies present opportunities to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of neurosurgical services in Alsace. Leveraging telemedicine for preoperative assessments, postoperative follow-ups, and patient education can optimize resource utilization and improve patient outcomes in the long term.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.179
Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (PLK), including Descemet's stripping automated endothelial Keratoplasty and Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK), has revolutionized the treatment of corneal endothelial diseases. Despite its high success rates, graft detachment remains a significant complication, affecting visual outcomes and necessitating re-grafting in some cases. This article delves into the donor characteristics associated with graft detachment after PLK, exploring various factors such as donor age, endothelial cell density, graft preparation techniques, and surgical expertise. Understanding these factors is crucial for optimizing graft selection and surgical outcomes in PLK procedures. Posterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (PLK) has emerged as the standard of care for treating corneal endothelial disorders. While the technique offers numerous advantages over traditional penetrating keratoplasty, graft detachment remains a challenging complication that affects visual outcomes and graft survival. Graft detachment occurs due to various factors, including donor characteristics. This article aims to review the literature on donor characteristics influencing graft detachment after PLK, providing insights into optimizing donor selection and surgical techniques.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.180
Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) has undergone significant evolution since its inception, revolutionizing the approach to spinal fusion surgery. This article explores the historical development, advancements in techniques, surgical considerations, clinical outcomes, and future prospects of LLIF. From its early stages to modern innovations, LLIF has emerged as a versatile and effective procedure for addressing various spinal pathologies. Understanding its evolution is crucial for surgeons, researchers, and healthcare providers to optimize patient care and outcomes. Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) has transformed the landscape of spinal fusion surgery, offering an alternative approach to traditional posterior and anterior methods. Since its introduction, LLIF has undergone significant evolution in techniques, instrumentation, and clinical outcomes. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of LLIF, from its historical roots to contemporary advancements, addressing its surgical principles, indications, complications, and future directions.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.181
Atypical ductal hyperplasia and lobular neoplasia are two types of proliferative breast lesions that are considered to be precursors to breast cancer. ADH is characterized by abnormal proliferation of cells within breast ducts, exhibiting architectural and cytological features that are concerning for malignancy but fall short of meeting criteria for carcinoma. LN, on the other hand, involves abnormal cell growth within lobules, often presenting with distinctive histological patterns. Both ADH and LN are associated with an increased risk of subsequent development of invasive breast carcinoma. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of ADH and LN, focusing on their histopathological features, clinical significance, risk factors, and management strategies. Diagnostic challenges and controversies surrounding these lesions will also be discussed, along with recent advancements in molecular profiling techniques that offer insights into their biological behavior and potential for progression to invasive disease.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.182
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.183
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.185
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.186
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.184
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4575.2024.6.187
Journal of Surgical Pathology and Diagnosis received 15 citations as per Google Scholar report
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