Journal of Blood & Lymph

The Potential of 3,6-Anhydro-L-Galactose (L-AHG) as a Novel Immunosuppressant

Abstract

Shin Young Park, Ki Yun Kim, Young-Seuk Bae, Do Youn Jun and Young Ho Kim*

3,6-Anhydro-L-Galactose (L-AHG), a bioactive carbohydrate derived from agarose extracted from red algae, is produced via a two- step enzymatic hydrolysis process, yielding high purity. It effectively inhibits the proliferation of activated T and B lymphocytes, key players in adaptive immunity, by suppressing the Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway and blocking the G1-S traverse in the cell cycle. This dual mechanism reduces adaptive immune responses, positioning L- AHG as a next-generation immunosuppressant. Its targeted approach promises greater safety and efficacy compared to traditional therapies, with potential applications in autoimmune disease treatment, transplant rejection prevention and managing hyperactive immune responses. This review presents detailed insights into the production process, mechanisms of action and therapeutic possibilities of L-AHG, highlighting its capacity to address many of the shortcomings of current immunosuppressive drugs.