Pratap Rudra Mandal and G Nagamaniammai
: J Bioengineer & Biomedical Sci
Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis or Phyllanthus emblica) belongs to Euphorbiaceae family is one of the oldest fruit in India. It is known as amla in Hindi, nelli in Tamil, Kannada & Malayalam, amalakamu in Telugu, amalaka or adiphala in Sanskrit. It is widely used in Indian system of medicine for its medicinal properties as a coolant, diuretic, acrid, aphrodisiac and laxative. It is also useful in cancer, diarrhea, diabetes, dysentery, fever, gonorrhea, headache, inflammation, heart diseases, mouth ulcers, hair growth, scurvy, skin wounds, sore eyes, constipation, dental problems, haemorrhage etc. It possesses antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. This fruit is well known for its high vitamin C contents about 445-1100 mg/g and also rich in dietary fibre. The known antioxidants, catechol, ellagic acid, IAA, β-carotene, flavonoids, tannins, pyrogallol, phloroglucinol, quercetin, kaempferol, superoxide dismutase enzyme etc. also have been reported to present in the fruit. The mineral and vitamins contents include calcium, phosphorous, iron, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin. The seeds contains linolenic, linoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic and myristic acids. This paper also reviews the details at molecular level
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