Perspective - (2025) Volume 14, Issue 5
Received: 01-Sep-2025, Manuscript No. jio-26-184829;
Editor assigned: 03-Sep-2025, Pre QC No. P-184829;
Reviewed: 17-Sep-2025, QC No. Q-184829;
Revised: 22-Sep-2025, Manuscript No. R-184829;
Published:
29-Sep-2025
Citation: Dubois, Anne-Marie. ”Holistic Management of Cancer- Related Fatigue.” J Integr Onco 14 (2025):578.
Copyright: © 2025 Dubois A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a pervasive and debilitating symptom experienced by a significant proportion of cancer patients and survivors, profoundly impacting their quality of life and treatment adherence. Recognizing the multifaceted nature of CRF necessitates a move towards integrative strategies that extend beyond conventional medical interventions. These approaches aim to address the complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors contributing to this distressing symptom, advocating for a personalized treatment paradigm that considers the unique circumstances of each patient [1].
The role of physical activity in the management of CRF has gained substantial attention, with a growing body of evidence supporting its efficacy. Various exercise modalities, including aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercises, have demonstrated the ability to reduce fatigue levels and enhance physical function in cancer survivors. The importance of individualized exercise prescriptions, carefully tailored to a patient's specific condition, tolerance, and preferences, cannot be overstated in optimizing outcomes [2].
Mindfulness-based interventions, particularly mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), have emerged as promising adjunctive therapies for CRF. Studies have indicated that MBSR can significantly alleviate fatigue, improve sleep quality, and reduce psychological distress among cancer patients. The proposed mechanisms for these benefits include enhanced emotional regulation and a fostered sense of self-efficacy in coping with the challenges of chronic illness [3].
Nutrition plays a critical role in supporting energy levels and overall well-being for individuals experiencing CRF. A thorough understanding of dietary patterns, potential micronutrient deficiencies, and the impact of tailored nutritional interventions is essential. Personalized nutritional assessments and strategies, such as optimizing protein intake and addressing specific deficiencies, are recommended to bolster energy reserves and improve quality of life [4].
The psychological dimensions of CRF are intrinsically linked to its physical manifestations, with fatigue often co-occurring with depression and anxiety. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has shown considerable effectiveness in addressing these interconnected issues. CBT equips patients with practical coping mechanisms to manage negative thought patterns and emotions associated with fatigue, thereby contributing to an improved sense of well-being [5].
Complementary therapies, such as acupuncture, have also been investigated for their potential to alleviate CRF. Research suggests that acupuncture can lead to significant reductions in fatigue severity and improvements in patient-reported outcomes. It is hypothesized that acupuncture may modulate inflammatory pathways and neuroendocrine responses implicated in the pathogenesis of fatigue [6].
Sleep disturbances are frequently encountered by cancer patients and survivors and can significantly exacerbate CRF. Implementing evidence-based strategies for sleep hygiene is crucial for mitigating fatigue. These strategies encompass establishing regular sleep schedules, optimizing the sleep environment, and employing relaxation techniques to promote restorative sleep [7].
Yoga, a mind-body practice, offers a holistic approach to managing CRF. Regular yoga practice has been associated with significant improvements in fatigue, mood, and physical function among cancer survivors. The integrative benefits of yoga are attributed to its synergistic combination of physical postures, controlled breathing exercises, and meditative practices [8].
Social support systems play a vital role in buffering the adverse effects of CRF on psychological well-being and overall quality of life. Strong social networks and supportive relationships can mitigate the impact of fatigue. Interventions aimed at strengthening social support are considered a valuable component of comprehensive CRF management strategies [9].
Accurate and comprehensive assessment of CRF is fundamental to effective management. The development of multidimensional assessment tools, such as the Integrative Cancer-Related Fatigue Scale (ICRFS), is crucial. These tools aim to capture the subjective experience of fatigue, its impact on daily functioning, and its relationship with other symptoms, thereby facilitating more precise diagnosis and personalized treatment planning [10].
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) presents a complex challenge in oncology care, demanding comprehensive and personalized management strategies that extend beyond traditional pharmacological interventions. The integration of complementary and integrative therapies offers a promising avenue for addressing the multifaceted nature of CRF, recognizing that biological, psychological, and social factors all contribute to its severity and impact on patient well-being. A personalized approach, tailored to the individual's unique needs and circumstances, is paramount in optimizing outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for those affected by this debilitating symptom [1].
Physical activity has been established as a cornerstone in the management of CRF, with a robust body of evidence supporting its efficacy across various cancer populations. Different exercise modalities, including aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercises, have demonstrated significant benefits in reducing fatigue levels and improving physical function among cancer survivors. The key to successful implementation lies in developing individualized exercise prescriptions that consider a patient's specific medical condition, treatment status, physical capacity, and personal preferences, ensuring safety and adherence [2].
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has emerged as a valuable non-pharmacological intervention for CRF, offering a pathway to mitigate psychological distress and improve overall well-being. Research indicates that MBSR can lead to significant reductions in fatigue severity, enhance sleep quality, and foster improved emotional regulation and self-efficacy in coping with chronic illness. These benefits contribute to a greater sense of control and resilience among cancer patients navigating the challenges of their disease [3].
Nutritional interventions play a crucial supportive role in managing CRF by addressing potential deficiencies and optimizing energy metabolism. A systematic review highlights the impact of dietary patterns and micronutrient status on fatigue levels, underscoring the need for personalized nutritional assessments and targeted strategies. Ensuring adequate protein intake and correcting specific nutrient deficiencies can contribute to improved energy levels and overall physical well-being [4].
The psychological burden of CRF, often intertwined with depression and anxiety, necessitates targeted therapeutic approaches. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has proven effective in addressing these interconnected issues by equipping patients with coping mechanisms to manage negative thoughts and emotions associated with fatigue. By promoting adaptive cognitive and behavioral strategies, CBT contributes to improved psychological resilience and a better quality of life [5].
Complementary therapies such as acupuncture are being explored for their potential to alleviate CRF. Studies suggest that acupuncture can lead to significant improvements in fatigue severity and patient-reported outcomes, potentially through the modulation of inflammatory pathways and neuroendocrine responses that contribute to the fatigue experience. This offers a non-pharmacological option for symptom management [6].
Sleep disturbances are a common and often overlooked contributor to CRF, significantly impacting a patient's daily functioning and well-being. Implementing evidence-based sleep hygiene practices is essential for mitigating fatigue. Strategies such as maintaining regular sleep schedules, creating an optimal sleep environment, and utilizing relaxation techniques can promote restorative sleep and reduce the burden of fatigue [7].
Yoga, as an integrative mind-body practice, offers a holistic approach to managing CRF by combining physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. Regular yoga practice has been associated with significant improvements in fatigue, mood, and physical function among cancer survivors, highlighting its potential to enhance overall well-being and quality of life through its multifaceted benefits [8].
Social support networks play a critical role in mediating the impact of CRF on psychological well-being and overall quality of life. Strong social connections and supportive relationships can act as a buffer against the negative effects of fatigue. Interventions designed to enhance social support are considered a valuable adjunct to comprehensive CRF management, fostering resilience and promoting a sense of belonging [9].
The accurate assessment of CRF is foundational for effective management and treatment planning. The development and validation of multidimensional tools, such as the Integrative Cancer-Related Fatigue Scale (ICRFS), are crucial for capturing the subjective experience of fatigue, its functional impact, and its relationship with other symptoms. This comprehensive approach facilitates more precise diagnosis and the development of personalized treatment strategies [10].
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a significant challenge in oncology, requiring integrated management strategies that address biological, psychological, and social factors. Evidence supports the efficacy of various interventions, including exercise, mindfulness-based stress reduction, nutritional support, cognitive behavioral therapy, acupuncture, and yoga, in alleviating fatigue and improving quality of life. Sleep hygiene and robust social support are also crucial components. Accurate assessment through multidimensional tools is essential for personalized treatment planning and optimizing patient outcomes. A holistic, individualized approach is key to managing CRF effectively.
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Journal of Integrative Oncology received 495 citations as per Google Scholar report
