Perspective - (2020) Volume 5, Issue 3
Received: 19-Aug-2020
Published:
29-Aug-2020
, DOI: 10.37421/2576-1420.2020.5.147
Citation: Himabindhu G (2020) Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) Disease. J Infect Dis Med. 5:147. doi: 10.37421/jidm.2020.5.147
Copyright: © 2020 Himabindhu G. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
What is Hib disease?
Hib disease is a serious illness (infection) caused by bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae type b) in young children.
Which bacteria will cause and how it spreads Hib disease?
It is a bacteria Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). It causes diseases like bloodstream infections, arthritis, meningitis, pneumonia, cellulitis, arthritis, ear infections and other infections in the body. Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria live in the individual throat, nose and move to other parts of body. Generally, it does not cause harm to the person who are infected. Severity of this disease will be mild to severe infections. Period of time that lives in the person body is not yet known.
Hib spreads through respiratory tract via droplets. It spreads to the people who are closely in contact to the infected person.
Hib disease occurs mostly in babies, younger children (<5years) and older people (>60years).
Symptoms include with type of infection
Pnuemonia
• Fever • Chills • Cough • Difficulty in breathing • Sweating • Pain in chest • Muscle pain or aches • Excessive tiredness • Headache
Meningitis
• Fever • Headache • Stiff neck • Nausea • Vomiting • Photophobia • Altered mental status • Mood swings
Bloodstream Infection
• Fever • Chills • Excessive tiredness • Pain in stomach • Nausea • Vomiting • Diarrhoea • Anxiety • Difficulty in breathing • Altered mental status • Mood swings
Diagnosis of this disease can be done with laboratory tests. Few common tests include blood sample test or spinal fluid.
Treatment for this infection like bronchitis or ear infections can be treated with antibiotics as a course for 10 days. If the infection is severe, other treatment like breathing support, Medication for low blood pressure, Wound care for damaged part on the body.
Antibiotics, such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, or ceftriaxone, with chloramphenicol, generally used to treat serious infections. Rifampin is used in some conditions as preventive treatment for persons who have been exposed to Hib disease.
Complication can see rarely. Infection in blood results in loss of limbs. Meningitis causes brain infection or loss of hearing.
Hib disease can be prevented by vaccine. Vaccine for Hib does not prevent disease cause by other types of Haemophilus influenza.
CDC recommends Hib vaccination for younger children <5 years old. Children need multiple (3 or 4) doses of a Hib vaccine. CDC recommends dose at the following ages:
• 2 months • 4 months • 6 months (if needed; depends on brand) • 12 through 15 months
Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medicine received 59 citations as per Google Scholar report
