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Animal Viruses And Immunity | Open Access Journals
Journal of Animal Health and Behavioural Science

Journal of Animal Health and Behavioural Science

ISSN: 2952-8097

Open Access

Animal Viruses And Immunity

 

 

Viruses gain entry into host cells via several sites like the skin, alimentary canal , and tract . Once an infection has occurred, the virus may replicate in host cells at the location of infection or they'll also spread to other locations. Animal viruses typically spread throughout the body mainly by way of the bloodstream, but also can be spread via the systema nervosum . Viruses have several methods to counter host system responses. Some viruses, like HIV, destroy immune system cells. Other viruses, like influenza viruses, experience changes in their genes resulting in antigenic drift or antigenic shift. In antigenic drift, viral genes mutate altering virus surface proteins. 

This leads to the event of a replacement virus strain which will not be recognized by host antibodies. Antibodies hook up with specific virus antigens to spot them as 'invaders' that has got to be destroyed. While antigenic drift happens gradually over time, antigenetic shift occurs rapidly. In antigenetic shift, a replacement virus subtype is produced through the mixture of genes from different viral strains. Antigenetic shifts are related to pandemics as host populations haven't any immunity to the new viral strain.

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Relevant Topics in Veterinary Sciences

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