Aref MI, Ibrahim IA, Ahmed SS and El-Azim Mansour MA
Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a fundamental job in keeping up a harmony between forestalling immunopathology and enabling the insusceptible reaction to clear infections, in HCV infection, elevation of Tregs may cause insistent HCV infection.
Objective: The current work aimed to clarify the immunomodulatory role of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Tregs in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.
Subjects and methods: This study incorporated two groups: 50 patients with chronic HCV infection of different classes of Child-Pugh classification (Child A, B and C) and control group; 25 healthy subjects. All patients were exposed to full history taking and finish clinical examination, as well as routine lab analysis including CBC, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, PT, INR, blood urea, serum creatinine, ANA. HCV-Abs was measured for both patients and controls groups. Viral load was determined for patients group by HCV-RNA PCR. Immunophenotyping of CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ regulatory Treg cells were performed by flow Cytometry for patients and controls groups.
Results: There was expansion of CD4+25+ FOXP3+ Treg lymphocytes in CHC patients compared with controls with significant difference. Furthermore, there was a highly significant decline in the average of CD4+25+ FOXP3+ Treg lymphocytes amongst the 3 different classes of Child-Pugh classification of CHC patients on relating to the control. There were significant correlations between CD4+25+ FOXP3+Treg lymphocytes and liver fibrosis.
Conclusion: There is marked increased level of CD4+25+ FOXP3+Treg lymphocytes among CHC patients, in addition to, the 3 different classes of Child-Pugh classification. This might confirm the immunomodulatory role by CD4+25+ FOXP3+Treg during chronic HCV infection that it might contribute to the immune response failure.
El-Shorbagy MS, El-Saied AH, Essa KS and Awad MMA
Introduction: The development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with the formation of a wide spectrum of autoantibodies, including rheumatoid factors (RFs) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). A family of autoantibodies that recognize carbamylated proteins, Anti-CarP antibodies can be detected in sera of RA patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of anticarbamylated protein antibody (Anti-CarP antibodies) in diagnosis of seronegative (Negative RF and Negative ACCP) RA patients, in monitoring the severity of inflammation and degree of associated joint damage.
Methodology: Our study included 60 patients with seronegative RA (4 males and 56 females), their ages ranged between 29 and 70 years with a mean age of 48.5 ± 11.8 years, and 20 healthy controls of matched age and sex. Anti-CarP antibodies concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: ACarPA was statistically significant increase in RA group compared to control group with no statistical significant differences between different RA groups. There was no statistical correlation between ACarPA and inflammatory markers (CRP and ESR). ACarPA had high diagnostic performance in differentiating RA from control and mild RA from control. There was no statistically significant difference in ACarPA between cases with or without osteolytic lesions in various RA studied groups.
Conclusion: Serum Anti-CarP Ab is a significant serological marker in sero-negative RA patients that has the potential to differentiate RA patients from control group.
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Journal Immunochemistry and Immunopathology is a scientific, peer-reviewed, academic journal which promotes rigorous research that makes a significant contribution in advancing knowledge and provides important forum for researchers and scholars to exchange their knowledge on current advancement in immune system, nature of antibodies, antigens and their interactions. I am pleased to announce the key-point during the year of 2019, all issues of volume 5 were published online within the time frame and the print issues were also brought out and dispatched within 30 days of publishing the issue online. Journal Immunochemistry and Immunopathology is working on the conferences globally
DOI: 10.37421/2469-9756.22.8.133
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Immunology is the study of the immune system and its response to various pathogens, including infectious diseases. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. When a pathogen enters the body, the immune system recognizes it as foreign and mounts a response to eliminate it. This response involves several key components. The innate immune system provides the first line of defence against pathogens. It includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, as well as immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells. These cells can recognize common features of pathogens, called Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs), through Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs). The innate immune response aims to contain and eliminate pathogens until the adaptive immune response can be activated.
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Antigen processing and presentation are crucial steps in the immune response, enabling the immune system to recognize and respond to foreign substances, such as pathogens or abnormal cells. These processes involve the presentation of antigens, which are small parts of foreign proteins, to immune cells called T lymphocytes (T cells). Antigens can enter the body through various routes, such as ingestion, inhalation, or through wounds. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs), primarily dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells, are responsible for capturing antigens. They have specialized receptors, such as Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), which can recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present on pathogens. Once captured, the antigens undergo processing within the APCs.
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The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that plays a vital role in protecting the body from harmful pathogens and foreign invaders. Over the years, significant advancements in the field of immunochemistry have allowed scientists to unravel the secrets of the immune system, leading to breakthroughs in understanding its mechanisms, developing new diagnostic tools, and designing innovative immunotherapies. This article explores the remarkable advancements in immunochemistry that have paved the way for a deeper understanding of the immune system and its implications in human health.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.169
Immunochemistry is a dynamic field of study that delves into the interactions between the immune system and various molecules, with a particular focus on antibodies and antigens. It encompasses a wide range of research areas, from understanding the fundamental principles of immune responses to developing cutting-edge applications in diagnostics, therapeutics, and biomedical research. This article aims to explore the fascinating realm of immunochemistry, starting from its basic principles and progressing to its innovative and transformative applications in the modern era.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.170
Antibodies, also known as Immunoglobulins (Ig), are versatile and powerful molecules that play a crucial role in the immune system's defense against pathogens, toxins, and other foreign substances. Their unique ability to recognize and bind to specific antigens has made them indispensable tools in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Immunochemistry, the field that investigates the interactions between antibodies and antigens, has enabled groundbreaking advancements in various areas of biomedicine. This article explores the power of antibodies and how immunochemistry has revolutionized biomedical research, paving the way for new discoveries and breakthroughs.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.171
Antibodies, also known as Immunoglobulins (Ig), are versatile and powerful molecules that play a crucial role in the immune system's defense against pathogens, toxins, and other foreign substances. Their unique ability to recognize and bind to specific antigens has made them indispensable tools in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Immunochemistry, the field that investigates the interactions between antibodies and antigens, has enabled groundbreaking advancements in various areas of biomedicine. This article explores the power of antibodies and how immunochemistry has revolutionized biomedical research, paving the way for new discoveries and breakthroughs.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.172
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In recent years, the field of immunotherapy has undergone a remarkable revolution, transforming the landscape of medicine and offering new hope for patients with various diseases. At the forefront of this revolution is immunochemistry, a discipline that explores the interactions between immune molecules and their targets. Immunochemistry has played a pivotal role in unleashing the potential of immunotherapeutics, revolutionizing the approach to precision medicine. This article delves into the power of immunochemistry in driving the immunotherapeutics revolution, highlighting its impact on personalized medicine and the treatment of diverse medical conditions.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.174
Cancer, a formidable adversary that has plagued humanity for centuries, continues to be a significant global health challenge. Traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, have made remarkable strides in improving survival rates and outcomes. However, they often come with debilitating side effects and limited efficacy in certain cases. In the midst of this ongoing battle, a transformative approach has emerged that holds the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment: immuno-oncology.
DOI: 10.37421/ 2469-9756.2023.9.175
In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer treatment, one remarkable development has emerged as a game-changer: immunotherapy. Immunotherapy, a branch of cancer treatment known as immuno-oncology, has transformed the way we understand and approach cancer care. By harnessing the body's own immune system to combat cancer cells, immunotherapy has opened up new avenues of hope and potential in the fight against this devastating disease. Cancer has long been a formidable challenge, with traditional treatments often associated with significant side effects and limited effectiveness in certain cases. However, immunotherapy offers a fresh perspective by utilizing the body's natural defenses to recognize, target, and eliminate cancer cells. It represents a paradigm shift in cancer treatment, moving away from directly attacking tumors and instead empowering the immune system to take the lead in the battle against cancer.
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Immunochemistry & Immunopathology received 174 citations as per Google Scholar report
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