Journal of Forensic Research

The study of palate shape or rugae pattern is known as Rugoscopy. Rugae are anatomical folds that are present on anterior third of palate of upper jaw behind the incisive papillae. These are transverse ridges located on palatal mucosa. These are used in forensic odontology for personal identification. They are unique and remain unchangeable throughout the life of a person from birth. The fat of buccal pad and tongue keep them (rugae pattern) protected from any kind of trauma. They vary in their size, shape, length and pattern from person to person and from left side to right side in same person and hence is used in personal identification

The purpose of an investigative sketch is to provide a correct record that shows the scene as it was found and that can be examined later. It does not require artistic ability but must be accurate enough to show the facts. The sketch is supplementary to the investigator's field notes. Hence to improvise the data being recorded, we are proposing introduction of 3D scanning to the crime scene documentation process. 3D scanning will provide us more precised and detailed results which will help the investigators to reconstruct the crime scene in a very easy and handy way. 3D scanning being digital data it will be very easy to handle and combine it with other technology like virtual reality (VR), Simulation etc… which will increase its importance as a document as well as evidence. It’s also very safe to use it digitally as we can encrypt it using hash function and its own digital profile will also help to prevent tempering. So, in this study we are scanning 3 sample crime scenes in three different conditions by a 3D scanner and make the 3D models of the respective scenes to understand its strengths and weaknesses. So that we can use it for investigation processes and overcome its flaws.

Biometric traits are now highly explored by the researchers to establish a system which can be used to identify a person accurately. The finger knuckle prints refers to the inherent patterns of skin that are formed at the joints in the finger back surface. This paper presents the comparative study of the finger knuckle prints, its individuality on the basis of which the prints are different from each other.

Burned bones are significant forensic evidence but the question arises about the analysis of burned bones. By being a fragile
commodity burned bones can be hard to analysis. Over the year many researchers have given their important inputs towards the examination
of the burned bones but the standard for all the research remains missing. The paper focuses on providing a bridge between the studies and to
give significant insights in the analysis and recovery of burned bones and how they are an important in analysing the different parameters of
forensic anthropology.

Nasal Index is a very important anthropometric index which depend on the nasal parameters such as Nasal height and Nasal width. It is very useful in distinguishing racial and sexiual differences. It is also useful in finding an unknown person. The shape and size of the nose depends on the environmental factors and climatic conditions.