Journal of Advanced Practices in Nursing

Vasectomy is a highly effective and safe contraceptive method for couples who want to stop childbearing. It has no side effects and, compared with female sterilization, is a less risky procedure, provides a quicker recovery period, and is incomparable in cost. Vasectomies are usually done to men who make a decision to no longer continue his biological family, believe or are told that other methods of contraception are unacceptable, do not want to pass down a hereditary illness or disability has a partner whose health would be threatened by a future pregnancy ,has concerns along with his partner about the side effects of other methods of contraception, agrees with his partner agree that their family is complete, and no more children are wanted ,wants to spare his partner the surgery and expense of tubal sterilization (sterilization for women is more complicated and more costly). Vasectomy is gradually being introduced and is considered as an important development among reproductive health (RH) program designers, policy makers, and population researchers for the overall reproductive well-being of couples globally. The study found that married men having average knowledge, positive attitude regarding vasectomy. The rural men had better knowledge regarding vasectomy as compared to their urban counterparts. The urban men have positive attitude towards vasectomy as compared rural men. The majority of the couples used tubectomy as permanent contraception.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. Increased incidence of UTI during pregnancy is due to the morphological and the physiological changes that take place in the genitourinary tract during pregnancy. Urinary tract infections are bacterial infection with a global annual incidence of approximately 150 million cases reported. In about 40% of women and 12% of men experience at least one symptomatic urinary tract infection during their life time and as many as 40% of affected in women show recurrent urinary tract infection. The prevalence of urinary tract infection in pregnancy women in India is reported to range from 31% to 24% reported. Studies have shown that urinary tract infection in pregnancy may result in maternal and foetal morbidity. The pregnant woman should be educated, about the physiological changes during pregnancy which may be one of the risk factors for development of urinary tract infection and also its prevention. Regular antenatal care should be taken to minimize the complications of pregnancy, and to ensure a healthy maternal and foetal outcome. To assess the knowledge regarding urinary tract infection during pregnancy and also finds the association of knowledge among antenatal mothers with selected demographic variables.

Introduction: Child abuse is violation of the basic human right. It leaves behind a negative impact on the child’s physical and mental health. In developing countries like India where the focus is on control of communicable diseases, child abuse goes unnoticed and grossly under-reported.

Aim of the study: To estimate the prevalence of child abuse and its various forms, neglect, emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse among college-going young adults (18-24 years) in urban Chennai.

Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 485 young adults (18-24 years) in colleges of three zones of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, selected by multistage sampling method. Data was collected using a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire based on ‘A study on child abuse in India 2007 by Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India’. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using Statistical package for Social Sciences software version 21.

Results and Discussion: Of the 485 participants, 85.4% reported abuse when they were less than 18 years old. Neglect was experienced by 52.5% of participants, emotional abuse by 35.5%, physical abuse by 62.7% and sexual abuse by 36.3%. Though the findings of many studies done on abuse did not complement each other, the overall prevalence of abuse was found to be higher as in this study.

Conclusion: Multi-dimensional approach is needed to combat the problem of child abuse. Steps to improve prompt reporting of child abuse and further explorative research on its risk factors in various settings would provide opportunities for early intervention, thus preventing its long term impact on children.

Stress is an important factor when it comes to ageing. Stress puts man at risk of going through ageing process while age also puts man at risk of stress in other way round. A pre experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of “Jacobson’s progressive muscle relaxation technique” to reduce stress among elderly people of at Ekanapuram Village, Kanchipuram District, and Tamilnadu. The samples above 60 years were selected by Convenience sampling technique Chronic stress and immune system are inter related when it comes to general wellbeing of the body, though it depends partly on the individual nature but chronic stress worsens the state of immune system. And also relationship between stress and ageing is so complex to define but ability to cope with stress determines how successful the ageing would be. In posttest 68.3% had mild stress, 21.7% had no stress and 5% had moderate stress. The analysis revealed that the mean value 21.9167 with SD 4.88266 of pretest and the mean value 15.7667 with SD 4.78165 posttest projects ‘t’ value of 29.381 was statistically significant (P<0.05) (i.e P=0.0001). It indicates that the intervention was effective in reducing stress among elderly people.