Lung cancer conventional treatment options need to be improved. The premise of immunotherapy is that therapeutic drugs stimulate the immune system to destroy tumor cells. Immunotherapy includes medications that target immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are specific antibodies that target immune checkpoints. In this section, we investigate novel checkpoints that may be targeted in the future as well as the agents that target these checkpoints. Immune checkpoints are one-of-a-kind components of the body's defense mechanism that keep the body safe from immune responses strong enough to harm healthy cells. Immune checkpoints are triggered when proteins on the surface of T cells recognize and bind to proteins on other tumor cells. Immunological checkpoints are the names given to these proteins. When the checkpoints interact with companion proteins, they send an signal to the T cells. This might prevent the immune system of the host from getting rid of cancer cells. Drugs that target immune checkpoints, particularly programmed cell death protein 1, have revolutionized the standard treatment plan for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Due to their potential to treat SCLC, these medications are now being expanded. On the other hand, it is acknowledged that these medications have particular side effects related to the immune system.
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