Abstract

Background: The most prevalent kind of brain tumours are gliomas, and because of their high recurrence rates, managing them is still difficult. The development, progression, and treatment resistance of gliomas have all been linked to Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). A well-known CSC marker, CD133, is essential to the biology of gliomas and may be a prognostic predictor.

Objective: To assess the immunohistochemistry expression levels of CD133 in patients with gliomas and link them with the histological type and tumour grade. Methods: We used Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) to assess 128 glioma tissue samples. The Immunoreactive Score (IRS) was employed to measure staining intensity, and immunohistochemical staining was used to identify CD133 expression. The Chi-square test was used for statistical comparisons, and SPSS software was used for data analysis.

Results: CD133 expression was found in 40.6% of samples of gliomas. Strong expression was mostly observed in glioblastomas and other high-grade gliomas. CD133 expression did not substantially correlate with patient sex, age, tumour size, or location, but it did correlate with tumour grade (p<0.0001) and histological type (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Advanced glioma grades and a worse prognosis are linked to higher CD133 expression. It may be possible to identify cancer stem cells in gliomas using CD133, which could help guide treatment plans and forecast patient outcomes. To comprehend its function in glioma aetiology and treatment resistance, more investigation is required.