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Quorum Sensing | Open Access Journals
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Molecular and Genetic Medicine

ISSN: 1747-0862

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Quorum Sensing

In biology, quorum sensing is the ability, through gene regulation, to detect and respond to cell population density. For example, quorum sensing (QS) allows bacteria to limit the expression of specific genes to the high densities of the cells at which the resulting phenotypes are most beneficial. Many bacterial species use quorum sensing to coordinate gene expression. Any of the best-known examples of quorum sensing come from bacterial research. Bacteria use quorum sensing to monitor other expressions of the phenotype, which in turn organize their behaviours. Some specific phenotypes include the formation of biofilms, the expression of the virulence factor and motility. Certain bacteria may use quorum sensing to control bioluminescence, fixation of nitrogen, and sporulation. The quorum-sensing function is focused on the local density within the immediate environment of the bacterial community. This can occur within a single species of bacteria, as well as among different species. All Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria use quorum sensing, but their mechanisms vary greatly.

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