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Hydrogen Cyanide | Open Access Journals
Medicinal Chemistry

Medicinal Chemistry

ISSN: 2161-0444

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Hydrogen Cyanide

Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sometimes called prussic acid, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula HCN. It is a colorless, extremely toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature at 25.6 ° C (78.1 ° F). [12] HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a very valuable precursor for many chemical compounds ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. Hydrogen cyanide was first isolated from a blue pigment (Prussian blue) which had been known since 1706, but whose structure was unknown. It is now known to be a coordinating polymer with a complex structure and an empirical formula of hydrated ferric ferrocyanide. In 1752, the French chemist Pierre Macquer took an important step by showing that Prussian blue could be converted into iron oxide plus a volatile component and that these could be used to reconstitute it. The new component was what the now called hydrogen cyanide. Following Macquer's example, it was first prepared from Prussian blue by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1782, and was eventually given the German name due to its acidic nature in water and its derivation from from Prussian blue. In English, it became popularly known as prussic acid.

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