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HIV Circumcision | Open Access Journals
Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

ISSN: 2155-6113

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HIV Circumcision

The male foreskin - an unpretentious flap of skin thrown impatiently in some cultures - has occupied a central place in recent debates about HIV prevention. Although researchers now agree that its withdrawal is a proven method to reduce the spread of HIV among heterosexual men, the picture of gay men remains a bit hazy.
In the late 1980s, observations of heterosexual men in Africa indicated that those who had been circumcised may be at less risk of contracting HIV than men who left their foreskin intact. To definitively test the hypothesis, the researchers launched clinical trials in at-risk populations with low rates of circumcision.
Two studies focused on young urban men (aged 18 to 24) in Kenya and South Africa, while a third focused on a larger sample of rural men (aged 15 to 49 years) in Uganda. More than 11,000 men volunteered for the trials, a group receiving circumcision at registration and a control group delaying surgery until the end of the study.
By tracking newly acquired infections in both groups, investigators found that circumcision reduced rates of HIV transmission by 55 to 65 percent. In fact, all three trials were stopped early due to overwhelming evidence of the protective effect of circumcision.

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