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Gene-polymorphism | Open Access Journals
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Journal of Genetics and Genomes

ISSN: 2684-4567

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Gene-polymorphism

Genetic polymorphism is a difference in DNA sequence among individuals, groups, or populations. Sources include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), sequence repeats, insertions, deletions, and recombinations (e.g. a genetic polymorphism might give rise to blue eyes vs. brown eyes, or straight hair vs. curly hair). Genetic polymorphisms may be the result of chance processes, or may have been induced by external agents such as viruses or radiation. If a difference in DNA sequence among individuals has been shown to be associated with disease, it will usually be called a genetic mutation. Changes in DNA sequence that have been confirmed to be caused by external agents are also generally called ‘mutations’ rather than ‘polymorphisms’

Polymorphisms arise through mutations. The mutation may be due to a change from one type of nucleotide to another, an insertion or deletion, or a rearrangement of nucleotides. Once formed, a polymorphism can be inherited like any other DNA sequence, allowing its inheritance to be tracked from parent to child.

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