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Birth | Open Access Journals
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Journal of Nursing & Care

ISSN: 2167-1168

Open Access

Birth

Birth is the act or process of carrying or giving birth to offspring, also technically called parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones that cause the muscle walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the fetus at a stage of development when it is ready to feed and breathe. In some species, the offspring are precocial and can move almost immediately after birth, but in others, they are nests and depend entirely on parenthood. In marsupials, the fetus is born at a very immature stage after a short gestational period and develops more in the pocket of its mother's uterus.

It is not only mammals that give birth. Some reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates carry their developing young in them. Some are ovoviviparous, the eggs hatch inside the mother's body, and others are viviparous, the embryo developing inside her body, as in the case of mammals.

 

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