Uju Kelechi Joseph
Leukemia remains one of the most misunderstood malignancies despite remarkable advances in molecular biology and immunology. Progress made in understanding its etiology and pathophysiology has been limited by its low incidence rate and the potential for multiple etiological factors. Some of the described etiological factors include environmental factors (benzene, ionizing radiation, non-ionizing electromagnetic fields, pesticides, occupational or parental occupational exposures), diet factors (vitamins A and D), infection factors (retroviruses), medical and iatrogenic factors (diagnostic radiographs, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy agents) and hereditary and genetic factors.
Nguyen D
From identifying the disadvantages of the classic dust separator, we propose the appropriate solutions to overcome these disadvantages and we have obtained nine different types of dust separators for dust collection from different industrial emissions. These new dust separators allow us to recover almost completely the industrial dust contained in various industrial emissions streams. Examine the classic reactor for the classic solid-liquid-gas heterogeneous system, find that it has disadvantage and find a solution to overcome that disadvantage and that we have a new solid-liquid-gas heterogeneous reactors. This devices can be intermittent or continuous, and when assembled we will have combined gas-solid-liquid heterogeneous reactors with industrial capacity to meet the requirements of industrial practice. From these new devices, we can propose three new technologies: No-waste technology for treatment and reuse industrial emissions, CO2 capture from industrial gases in the form of powder NaHCO3, CO2 capture from industrial gases in the form of food clean liquid CO2 or dry ice.
Fares Redouane
In this research, a detailed study for energy consumption levels evaluation and environmental impacts assessment in the fertilizers production sector in Algeria was achieved. An analysis of the various inputs and outputs to the process to identify different sources of pollution throughout the life cycle of fertilizer was used. One product is making the subject in this study; CAN 27% N. The flows of material and energy for each phase of the life cycle were counted and the associated environmental problems were identified. The analysis was conducted according to the LCA standards ISO (International Standard Organization) 14040 series and the impacts categories studied are Global Warming Potential, Acidification Potential, Troposphere Ozone Precursor Potential and Resources use. The results show that Cumulative Energies Requirement and GHG emission in Algerian fertilizers production process are significant. Ammonia plant use 82% of total natural gas that is consumed by fertilizer manufactory. Production of ammonia per year requires 4.506 × 107 MJ of electricity and 2.059 × 108 of natural gas and generates 1.82 T CO2 eq. (equivalent).
Ayodeji Oluleye
Apart from posing as leading cause of respiratory ailment, dust pollution over West Africa is known to hamper flight operations by reducing visibility during the dry season. Inspection of visibility is usually made through visual observation by meteorological observer, it accurate estimation therefore depends on the visual judgment of the observer. Also profile observations of atmospheric dust are not included in visibility record of meteorological stations. Much of the dust load in the atmosphere is held up in a layer above the surface which could descend to ground level resulting into poor visibility or lifted leading to clearance. In this paper, a method of dust pollution detection using radar reflectivity has been developed. Through this method, atmospheric dust load could be estimated and converted to visibility. Results of comparison between radar-derived visibility and observation show a good agreement with correlation coefficient of 0.81. Consequently, dust load beyond the reach of visual observation could be made enhancing atmospheric dust load prediction for aviation and health purpose among others.
Jeongwook Yun
In the last few decades, harmful human activities such as burning fossil fuels have caused a rapid rise in toxic greenhouse gas emissions, trapping Earth’s surface heat which raises global temperatures. The issue of global warming is prevalent today as temperatures on Earth are increasing at an alarming rate. This increase causes the ice caps in the Arctic Sea and Antarctica to melt faster which is problematic because cumulative research attests that ice restrains sea levels from reaching cataclysmic levels. The Arctic Ocean and Antarctica exhibit a balancing effect that controls he amount of ice melted and produced as each polar region experiences its summer or winter season. Furthermore, as vaporization levels are extremely low in Polar Regions, these regions utilize ice as a more effective alternative for water retention. In addition, because ice’s unique qualities, major volume displacement that would detrimentally damage coastal ports and cities can be evaded.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.22.5.273
This led to the long-term poisoning of soils, waterways, aquatic biota, and crops. A leaching model based on first-order desorption kinetics called WISORCH was created and tested to evaluate the extent and duration of pollution according to soil type. Soil organic carbon content (SOC) and the SOC/water partitioning coefficient serve as its input parameters (Koc). It takes into account the concentrations of drainage water and chlordecone in the soil today. The fact that the model held true for andosol suggests that neither physico-chemical nor microbiological degradation took place. Soil scraping is unrealistic because of dilution from earlier deep tillages. The main method for reducing pollution seemed to be lixiviation. Along with an increase in SOC content and rainfall, Koc went from nitisol to ferralsol and then increased again.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.22.5.274
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.22.5.275
A chemical or substance that is out of place, existing in the soil at a higher quantity than normal, and has negative effects on any organism that is not the target is referred to as "soil pollution." Soil pollution is a hidden threat since it is frequently difficult to gauge or see. One of the biggest soil concerns harming the world's soils and the ecosystem services they provide is soil pollution, according to the Status of the World's Soil Resources Report (SWSR). In every location, worries about soil pollution are expanding. In a recent resolution, the United Nations Environmental Assembly (UNEA-3) called for swifter action and increased cooperation to address and control soil pollution. This agreement, reached by more than 170 nations, demonstrates the significance of this issue on a global scale. Chemicals used in or created as a result of industrial processes, household, animal, and municipal wastes (including wastewater), agrochemicals, and petroleum-derived products are the main anthropogenic sources of soil pollution. Intentional releases of these chemicals into the environment include the use of fertilisers and pesticides, irrigation with untreated wastewater, and land application of sewage sludge. Accidental releases include oil spills and landfill leaching. In addition to incomplete combustion of various compounds, smelting, transportation, spray drift from pesticide applications, radionuclide deposition from air weapons testing, and nuclear accidents all contribute to soil pollution.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.22.5.276
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.22.5.272
The Omo-gibe basin in Ethiopia's streamflow, seasonal distribution, and amount of precipitation were expected to be affected by climate change in this study. A quantile mapping approach were used to statistically downscale and bias-correct climate change projections made using data from fifteen regional climate models (RCMs) participating in the Coordinated Regional Climate Reduction Experiment (CORDEX)-Africa. Temperature and precipitation projections were made using the RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 emission scenarios. In the near future (2025-2050), medium future (2051-2075), and distant future (2076-2100), climate and streamflow estimates from a mean ensemble of RCMs were compared to the reference (1989–2019). To establish if a change is statistically significant and to identify trends in temperature, precipitation, and streamflow, Mann-Kendall (MK) trend testing was utilised. The hydrological SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was employed to project the effects of climate change on streamflow. The emission scenarios predicted significant positive (increasing) temperature changes but significant negative (declining) precipitation and streamflow changes, respectively, according to RCP4.5 and RCP8.5.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.23.5.281
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.23.5.280
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.23.5.279
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.23.5.278
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.23.5.277
Marine plastic waste pollution is a prominent example of the extensive damage that the continued expansion of resource consumption is causing to the environment. Each year, humanity generates 300 million tons of plastic waste worldwide, of which approximately 11 million tons enter the oceans, posing a threat to marine species and ecosystems, affecting human activities and health, and costing marine ecosystems at least $13 billion. By 2050, the weight of plastic waste in the ocean will surpass that of all fish if there is no management, and the amount of plastic waste that leaks into the ocean will triple by 2040. Along with the loss of biodiversity and the warming of the climate, marine plastic pollution is now a global issue that must be resolved. Global cooperation is required for marine plastic waste governance because of important characteristics like the relevance of the ecosystem, the mobility of sea water, the ambiguity of the governance boundary, and the complexity of governance. To treat marine plastic waste, all parties must actively act. More than sixty nations have already established governance goals and enacted relevant legislation. The "Blue Ocean Vision" initiative to achieve "zero emissions" of marine plastic waste by 2050 is adopted at the G20 Osaka Summit in 2019. The "Clean Seas" campaign was launched by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to find ways to reduce marine waste, and 63 nations have signed on. The "New Plastics Economy" global commitment, which has 400 signatories, was established by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (EMF) and UNEP to promote the development of a plastics circular economy. The "Net Plastic Nature 2030" initiative, which aims to speed up the transition to a circular economy and improve the framework for global governance, was also proposed by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). These actions set the stage and serve as an example of cooperation in the fight against marine plastic waste. In general, it is both necessary and attainable to cooperate in the management of marine plastic waste.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.2022.5.284
Soils, waterways, aquatic life, and crops all became permanently poisoned as a result. WISORCH, a leaching model based on first-order desorption kinetics, was developed and tested to determine the degree and duration of soil pollution. The SOC/water partitioning coefficient and the organic carbon content of the soil are the input parameters (Koc). It takes into account the current concentrations of chlordecone and drainage water in the soil. The fact that the model worked for andosol indicates that there was no physicochemical or microbiological degradation. Dilution from previous deep tillages renders soil scraping impractical. Liviation appeared to be the most important strategy for reducing pollution. Koc changed from nitisol to ferralsol and then increased once more in tandem with an increase in SOC content and rainfall.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.2022.5.283
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.2022.5.282
"Soil pollution" refers to a chemical or substance that is out of place, is present in greater quantities than normal in the soil, and harms any organism that is not the target. Because it is frequently difficult to measure or see, soil pollution is a hidden threat. According to the Status of the World's Soil Resources Report (SWSR), soil pollution is one of the most significant issues affecting the world's soils and the ecosystem services they provide. Concerns about soil pollution are growing in every location. The United Nations Environmental Assembly (UNEA-3) recently issued a resolution that called for quicker action and increased cooperation to address and control soil pollution. The global significance of this issue is demonstrated by this agreement, which was reached by more than 170 nations. The majority of anthropogenic sources of soil pollution are chemicals used in or made in industrial processes, household, animal, and municipal wastes (including wastewater), agrochemicals, and petroleum-derived products. The application of sewage sludge on land, irrigation with untreated wastewater, and the use of fertilizers and pesticides are all examples of intentional releases of these chemicals into the environment. Leaching from landfills and oil spills are examples of accidental releases. Smelting, transportation, pesticide spray drift, radionuclide deposition from air weapons testing, nuclear accidents, and incomplete combustion of various compounds all contribute to soil pollution.
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.2022.5.286
DOI: 10.37421/2684-4958.2022.5.285
Journal of Pollution received 64 citations as per Google Scholar report
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