GET THE APP

..

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ISSN: 2952-8100

Open Access

Articles in press and Articles in process

    Commentary Pages: 1 - 1

    Clinical Usage of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

    Xiang-Hai ai

    Nowadays, the is used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The is reported by providing the susceptibility interpretation next to each antibiotic. The different susceptibility interpretations are: S Sensitive, I Intermediate, and These interpretations were created and implemented by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. In clinics, more often than not, exact pathogens cannot be easily determined by symptoms of the patient. Then, even if the pathogen is determined, different serotypes of pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, have varying levels of resistance to antimicrobials.

    Editorial Pages: 1 - 1

    Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

    Lesli E. Deker

    Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling is a mathematical modeling technique for predicting the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of synthetic or natural chemical substances in humans and other animal species. PBPK modeling is used in pharmaceutical research and drug development, and in health risk assessment for cosmetics or general chemicals. PBPK models strive to be mechanistic by mathematically transcribing anatomical, physiological, physical, and chemical descriptions of the phenomena involved in the complex ADME processes.

      Editorial Note Pages: 1 - 1

      Stability Research on Drug

      Stephen T.Arbedon

      Share this article
      Editorial Note Pages: 1 - 1

      Scientific Components of Pharmaceutical Development

      Li-Pin Kao

      Share this article

        Editorial Pages: 1 - 1

        Treatment of Polyphenol

        Li-Pin Kao*

        Share this article

          Commentary Pages: 1 - 2

          Introduction Virulence Factor Commentary

          Stephen T Arbedon

          Some are chromosomally encoded and natural for the microbes for example cases and endotoxin, though others are gotten from versatile hereditary components like plasmids and bacteriophages for example a few exotoxins. Destructiveness factors encoded on versatile hereditary components spread through flat quality exchange, and can change over innocuous microscopic organisms into perilous microbes. Microorganisms like Escherichia coli O157:H7 acquire most of their harmfulness from portable hereditary components. Gram-negative microbes discharge an assortment of destructiveness factors at have microorganism interface, through layer vesicle dealing as bacterial external film vesicles for intrusion, sustenance and other cell-cell interchanges.

          Commentary Pages: 1 - 2

          Pharmacognosy : significance

          Shash Zhao

          “Pharmacognosy” obtains from two Greek words, “pharmakon” or drug, and “gnosis” or knowledge. Like countless complementing branchs of science, Pharmacognosy has undergone crucial change in recent years and today acts for a highly interdisciplinary science that is one of five major regions of pharmaceutical education. Humans make medicine from plants and other organisms for 100 years, hence pharmacognosy being routinely considered the oldest brand of pharmacy. There is 5000-year-old proof of medicine production on Sumerian clay from Nagpur, and throughout 12 old medicinal recipes have been found with plant ingredients such as poppy and mandrake, which is a Mediterranean plant in the nightshade family.

            Research Article Pages: 1 - 4

            Isolation and Molecular Characterization Of Aspergillus fumigatus From Hunting Dogs With Special Emphasis To Age And Gender As A Risk Factors In Diyala Province â??Iraq

            Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy , Sarah Jasim Abdulameer

            Aim: The current study aims to isolation and molecular characterization of A. fumigatus from hunting dogs and evaluation of relationship between A. fumigatus infection and possible risk factors mainly age and gender Methods: Ninety nine swabs from mouth, nose and ear of hunting dogs with respiratory signs were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. A. fumigatus was identified according to morphology and PCR technique Results: A.fumigatus was isolated frequently from mouth of hunting dogs at the age group (5.4 -6.2) years followed by (0.6-1.5) years and (2.5-3.3)years,(6.06%) . A.fumigatus was isolated equally from nose of hunting dogs at the age group (0.6-1.5)years ,(1.6-2.4 ) years , ( 2.5-3.3 )years,( 4.3-5.3) years and (5.4-6.2) years, (3.03%). A.fumigatus was isolated frequently from ear of hunting dogs at the age group (5.4-6.2)years;(9.09%). No significant difference was reported between age groups of hunting dogs infected with A.fumigatus . Significant correlation was reported between older age group of hunting dogs and A.fumigatus infection for ear. Current study revealed that (63.64%) of hunting dogs were males while female represent (36.36%).Both genders were equally infected with A.fumigatus isolated from mouth and nose, (15.15%) and (6.06%) respectively .Females were infected more than males with A.fumigatus isolated from ear,(6.06%) Neither significant difference nor correlation were reported between genders of hunting dogs infected with A.fumigatus. Males appear to be at risk of getting A.fumigatus infection at( 2.286) time than females. Conclusions: A. fumigatus infection represent serious problem for hunting dogs . Mouth, nose and ear respectively exposed.

              Editorial Pages: 1 - 1

              Yia Liu*

              Bipolar diseases are serious, intellectual, chronic psychiatric diseases characterized by intermingling haps of mania or hypomania and depression, or composites of manic and
              depressive features. The weekly frequence of bipolar diseases ranges from 3 to 10 cases per population, and the life frequency is estimated to be 3 to7.2 million. Bipolar Disease (BD), also known as manic-depressive illness, is a serious illness that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, exercise ranks, and the incompetence to carry out day-moment tasks. Treatment of BD generally begins with the idea of bringing a case with mania or depression to distinct recovery and stable mood. Once the existent is stable, the idea progresses to reducing subthreshold  symptoms of mania and depression. Medicinal treatments have several purposes. Some medicinals aims to reduce symptoms
              associated with acute manic or mixed mania/ depression happenings, some idea to reduce acute depression symptoms, and others aim to reduce acute symptoms, maintain like symptom-free days, and forestall relapsing to acute happenings. Given the confirmed, relapsing/ remitting course of bipolar complication and the need for conserving treatment in multifold cases, medicinals begun for an acute mood hap (including mania) are hourly carried forward into conserving curative.

              Editorial Pages: 1 - 1

              Kiran Shillewar*

              Cancer is the intemperate growth of abnormal cells anywhere in the body. These abnormal cells are baptized cancer cells, bitchy cells, or excrescence cells. These cells can insinuate normal body. Beaucoup cancers and the abnormal cells that compose the cancer are further associated by the name of that the abnormal cells appeared from (for case, blood cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer). When damaged or unrepaired cells don't die and come cancer cells and show intemperate division and growth-a mass of cancer cells develop. Much, cancer cells can break out from this original mass of cells, travel through the blood and lymph systems, and lodge in other organs where they can again repeat the intemperate growth cycle. This process of cancer cells leaving an area and growing in another body area is baptized metastatic spread or metastasis. For case, if blood cancer cells spread to a bone, it means that the commodity has metastatic blood cancer to bone.What are risk factors and causes of cancer?

              Perspective Pages: 1 - 1

              Tosin Adetobi*

              Posaconazole is a pinch- generation triazole agent with a potent and broad antifungal in vitro exercise against a range of different Candida species, Aspergillus species, Cryptococcus neoformans, the zygomycetes, and other filamentous fungi. Rfungal pathogens, including Aspergillusspp. and Candida spp. It's structurally related to itraconazole and inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51), blocking the compound of ergosterol behaving in disabled cell membrane stability and accumulation of precursors leading to fungistatic or fungicidal paraphernalia. Posaconazole (Noxafil, Schering Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as prophylaxis against invasive Aspergillus and Candida infections in immunocompromised case. Posaconazole differs in structure from the compact triazoles fluconazole and voriconazole in part by virtue of its extended side chain, a affection held in common with itraconazole.

                    Research Letter Pages: 1 - 19

                    The Effect of Dietary Co-enzyme Q10 Supplementation on Haematological Parameters and Splenic Morphology in Mouse Model of 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Toxicity

                    Ayomiposi Akanmu Oluwatosin*

                    DOI: 10.37421/2952-8100.2022.5.385

                    Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) antioxidant strength has been seen in many studies. Most chemotherapy have been seen to cause side effect through oxidative stress. This work seeks to study the ability of CoQ10 to counter the oxidative stress and thus remediate the chemotherapy induced toxicities of chemotherapeutic agents.

                    Fifty male mice were used for this study. They were divided into 5 groups (of 10 rats each) which include normal control (standard diet plus intraperitoneal (i.p) normal saline), 5 Fluorouracil (5FU) control (negative control) (standard diet plus i,p 5 fluorouracil at 200 mg/kg body weight) and three treatment groups of CoQ10 incorporated into standard diet at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of feed of feed. The weight of the rats was measured every 3 days and recorded. The experiment lasted for two weeks after which the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Blood was collected for red blood cell indices (PCV, MCV, MCH, Hemoglobin, MCHC) and white blood cell parameters (WBC, NC, LC and Platelet count) hematological study and the spleen fixed in 10% formalin for histological study.

                    The weight did not show any significant difference all groups compared to the control while the red blood cell indices showed a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the negative control group when compared to the positive control group except MCHC which showed no significant difference (p>0.001). The treatment groups showed an increase in all parameters when compared to the negative control except MCHC.

                    The white blood cell parameters all showed increase except for the Lymphocyte Count (LC). The histological slide showed the damage by 5- FU as seen in the negative control group while the treatments ameliorated it in the treatment group. The result showed the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU on the cells and the amelioration by the COQ10.

                      Review Article Pages: 1 - 5

                      An Overview on the Production of Therapeutics and their Applications

                      Mehwish Shafiq*, Muqaddas Rana and Shahnaz Chaudhary

                      DOI: 10.37421/2952-8100.2023.06.415

                      Human cells produce an enormous number of proteins and dysfunction in these may lead to serious diseases and developmental abnormalities. To treat these protein de iciencies the missing or dysfunctional molecules are complemented or substituted with therapeutics provided by different biological systems. However, protein therapeutics must unavoidably adhere to quality constraints that are much stricter than those for chemical industries. Although it is undoubtedly a challenging task to obtain an active protein in a way that is economically feasible, biopharmaceuticals (recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies or vaccines) are the largest group of drugs developed in the pharmaceutical industry. Market calculations estimated the recombinant protein drug industry to be around 10% of the entire drug market, predicting an even larger proportion in the future. The global market of biopharmaceuticals is estimated to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.8% from 2018 to 2025, according to the latest report developed by allied market research. The report biopharmaceuticals market by type and application: Global opportunity analysis and industry forecast, presenting an analysis of pro iles of the major player projects that the global biopharmaceuticals market, which reached $186,470 million in 2017, will have reached $526,008 million by 2025. The more detailed characteristics of the expected value growth of particular biologic types in the biopharmaceuticals market (divided into dominating monoclonal antibody, growth and coagulation factor, interferon, vaccine, insulin, erythropoietin and hormone) are available in the report and on the allied market research website.

                      Short Communication Pages: 1 - 2

                      Fragile Health Care Triangle of Pakistan

                      Majid Khan*

                      DOI: 10.37421/2952-8100.2023.06.416

                      World Health Organization supported pharmacists in international context and recommended one pharmacist per 2000 population and per 50 beds worldwide. Relationship between physician, nurse and pharmacist existed in triangle and every angle of triangle has their own importance if any of angles is deficient the health team will incomplete. Paradigm shift in pharmacy practice from mercantile products oriented practice to patient oriented. In Pakistan this is not up to the required level and this indicator is not followed up to the marked to improve the health care team triangle ultimately provide rational drug therapy to the patient. That’s why we can called as fragile health team triangle. The current article through light on current scenario on scope of pharmacists in Pakistan and the main aim of this study is to synergize, facilitate and hire these specialists in order to stabilize the health care team triangle.

arrow_upward arrow_upward