Yohanes Mekonnen Abebe*
Although it is well known that bride price payment is a harmful cultural practice prevalent in Dassanach ethnic group, yet, there is little understanding of its effects on other harmful cultural practices. To improve this, the study explores the hidden powers of bride price (KOYTA) payment to cause other harmful cultural practices. It also investigates reasons of practicing bride price payment. The study employed qualitative approach. The data were gathered from purposively selected interviewees specifically, using convenience sampling technique. The data obtained via interview has been cross checked and validated using focus group discussion and key informant. Thematic qualitative analysis technique has been employed to analyze the data. The study found that bride price payment, directly or indirectly, caused other harmful cultural practices such as inter-ethnic conflict, polygamy, early and forced marriage, abduction, school dropout, female genital mutilation and others. It also investigated that the participant articulated the causes of practicing bride price as it is a source of income, a sign of prestige and a preservative of family. It was revealed that bride price is a deep-rooted cultural practice with almost all participants supporting its continuity. However, recent commercialization has changed the practice and its cultural relevance is less clear in present time. Although bride price provides protection, respect, and acknowledgement of women within marriages, the paper argues that the practice caused other harmful cultural practices mentioned above. This study highlights the need to intervene on possible mitigation of the negative impacts of bride price so as to mitigate other harmful cultural practices at large. Therefore, intervening on bride price is a ‘’one size fits all’’ intervention on other cultural practices since other HCPs directly or indirectly caused by it.
Sikholiwe Dube* and Nhlanhla Sibanda
Naming in most African communities is a very crucial concept being celebrated: As names is a repository of cultural and historical information. Significant events and historical figures are remembered through naming. The focus of this paper is to unfold the perception that names attached to roads and schools (primary and secondary alike) in Lupane district of Matabeleland North Province in Zimbabwe, shed light on the preservation of history of the Ndebele people. The paper develops the argument that it is the past which gives identity to an individual or ethnic group. The landmark names in Lupane district extend the community’s commemoration of notable heroes and their achievements. Historical evidence has fostered the indelible mark of the names in Matabeleland, thereby serving as forms of linguistic as well as, historical records for posterity. In the same vein, the study attempts to reveal that significant events and people in Lupane district have been remembered through place naming evident in the schools and roads, among other observable landmarks consciously tagged by the community and the responsible local authority. Signposting such as road names and schools naming expresses the worldview of the Ndebele people in Lupane thereby asserting ownership of their space and authority to contribute to the construction of national narratives. As such, this onomastic practice in Lupane district is driven and manipulated by the Ndebele people’s historical milieu. A thorough exploration of the origin and meanings of place names in this regard will enable the study to establish their symbolic significance. Qualitative research methodology will be employed to study the place names and interviews will be carried out with resource persons from the community and local authority who have substantive knowledge about the subject under study.
Wacha Roosevelt Wacha*
This research study was carried out to obtain the effects of the use of ATM banking services on customer satisfaction. Research on the use of ATM banking services on customer satisfaction remains unrepresented and is a growing area of interest. It further offered a controversial topic that ATM holders could engage in to further make sense of the different negative and positive effects of ATM use that exist and how these directly influenced responses to gendered phenomena. It therefore elicited significant constructions of results and hence was used as a vehicle to further insight into the nature of awareness about the customer services offered by ATM points to account holders, effectiveness of ATM service on account holders and the relationships between ATM services and customer satisfaction. This was achieved using a sample of 40 ATM users of National Financial Credit bank, Bambili branch. Through this method, the effect of the use of ATM banking services on customer satisfaction was analyzed. Data was analyzed using STATA 10. The results were understood as almost three quarters of the respondents rated the services offered by an ATM to be effective with withdrawal as the main service offered by ATM, followed by checking of balances, while the statement/mini statement of account came third and Cash or cheque deposit came last. The finding further depicts that more than half of the respondents were satisfied by the services offered by the ATM. This study sheds light on the awareness that ATM services results in customer satisfaction in the society and as a view point for banking industry by showing how quality services offered by ATM service points are essential and its relationship to customer satisfaction. The researcher recommended that more inclusive study be made taking into consideration the disabled. A larger sample could also be carried out to see customer’s perception concerning ATM banking services. The researcher also recommended that the bank should check the ATMs regularly to fix irregularities.
Mkubwa Shaali Ali
This article examines the experience and influence of the British welfare interventions in Zanzibar. It elucidates the origins and implementation of the British colonial development and Welfare Act of 1940 and presents this legislation as an important landmark in the development of social welfare. The article employed qualitative approach and utilized archival and oral testimonies. This article argues that, while the British colonial development act of 1929 proved to be of limited significance, the introduction and implementation of colonial development and social Welfare Act of 1940 marked a significant turning point in the development of social welfare in Zanzibar. This was characterized by major developments in education, medical and health facilities as well as improvements in urban housing. The paper also maintains that although the provision of colonial social welfare services followed the traditional approach of focusing on urban areas, to some extent rural communities benefited from the services.
David Love Opeyemi*, Adepoju Omoseni Oyindamola and Akinkuotu Joshua Oluwagaloba
The police force stabilizes public institutions for societal tranquillity, economic development, peaceful coexistence and is an integral pillar in securing human development, which unfortunately operates as a mirage in Nigeria. Therefore, this study seeks to provide appropriate recommendations for structural reform of the Nigeria police force using the Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) approach to the identified challenges facing the Nigerian Police Force. The study used qualitative research methodology through the thorough and critical content analysis of reports, journals, publications, and news. The study findings revealed five significant challenges hindering police effectiveness in Nigeria and developed a 10 X 5 SHRM framework that included ten (10) strategic focus and five (5) strategies. The study recommended that utilizing the 10 X 5 strategic human resource management frameworks alongside 1829 nine (9) policing principles and three (3) core ideas of Sir Robert Peel.
Yohanes Mekonnen
Although it is well known that bride price payment is a harmful cultural practice prevalent in dassanach ethnic group, yet, there is little understanding of its effects on other harmful cultural practices. To improve this, the study explores the hidden powers of bride price (KOYTA) payment to cause other harmful cultural practices. It also investigates reasons of practicing bride price payment. The study employed qualitative approach. The data were gathered from purposively selected interviewees specifically, using convenience sampling technique. The data obtained via interview has been cross checked and validated using focus group discussion and key informant. Thematic qualitative analysis technique has been employed to analyze the data. The study found that bride price payment, directly or indirectly, caused other harmful cultural practices such as inter-ethnic conflict, polygamy, early and forced marriage, abduction, school dropout, female genital mutilation and others. It also investigated that the participant articulated the causes of practicing bride price as it is a source of income, a sign of prestige and a preservative of family. It was revealed that bride price is a deep-rooted cultural practice with almost all participants supporting its continuity. However, recent commercialization has changed the practice and its cultural relevance is less clear in present time. Although bride price provides protection, respect, and acknowledgement of women within marriages, the paper argues that the practice caused other harmful cultural practices mentioned above. This study highlights the need to intervene on possible mitigation of the negative impacts of bride price so as to mitigate other harmful cultural practices at large. Therefore, intervening on bride price is a ‘’one size fits all’ ’ intervention on other cultural practices since other HCPs directly or indirectly caused by it.
Vincent Assanful*
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide affected the socio-cultural life of the African. One major socio-cultural ritual that was heavily affected was the celebration of funeral rituals. Funerals in Africa are not only social ceremonies but religious as well. The community uses it to send off the departed to the spiritual world. However, the advent of the COVID-19 affected the performance of funeral rituals in Africa. The paper discusses the impact of the disruption using the experience in Ghana and the responses of the various communities in Ghana had to respond to the regulations put in place by the government to regulate funerals and other indigenous religious rituals. Employing the phenomenological method, the paper analyses data collected from the field and the literature to assess the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 on the celebration of funeral rituals in Ghana. Findings from the study indicates that COVID-19 disrupted the celebrations of festivals in Ghana.
Rick Stalnaker
In the field of psychology, there have been studies concerning how the social environment plays a causal factor in brain
modification that can shape the capacity for learning. A traumatic life event impacts someone, an accident, or maltreatment; it causes
variations in brain structure and function. Whether it is what other people deliberately do to someone of an unfortunate event, your brain
gets mucked up.
Stephen N. Joffe
Laser Vision Correction (LVC) is an elective, self-pay and safe surgical procedure to correct myopia and hyperopia. Since FDA approval 25 years ago, there have been a progression of technological improvements leading to better outcomes and LVC is now one of the safest surgical procedures. A potential pool of 50 million patients, 6000 trained ophthalmic surgeons regularly treat in over 1000 centers. Treatments remain low from an earlier peak of 1.4 million to less than 800,000 over last 10 years. The factors preventing patients undergoing surgery have not changed and include the cost and fear of laser surgery. The latter is overcome by word of mouth referrals and positive social media messaging. Patients can be “in and out” in less than two hours with a rapid recovery, minimal postoperative restrictions and have 20/20 vision within 24 hours. Laser vision correction and especially LASIK, remains the treatment of choice for myopic and hyperopic patients wanting to remove their dependency on glasses and contact lenses.
Delphine Mascarene de Rayssac, Jedidah Vika Muli, Lawrence Wainaina
A psychoanalytical approach to the climate crisis in terms of the individual psychological background as object relations determine the relationship to nature as holding female representations and group dynamics at work in the reaction or lack thereof. A further exploration into the ability to sustain frustration as a key element to personal and societal development allowing to shed primitive libidinal patterns whereas certain psychological structures are hindered from this ability. As a result, the dysfunctional narcissism feeds relationships of dominance and power completing a self destructive pattern where only adaptation and symbolization processes could counter the traumatic effects of sudden change to our modern lifestyles.
Maryam Ghasemisarukolai, Hossein Kordi, Parvaneh Danesh
This article provides a conceptual framework for observing social well-being among university faculty members. The study aimed to recognize how the dimensions of human health have an essential role in balancing the social life of faculty members, and its general coverage in society can promote social development. A further aim was to focus on how to affect the social well-being of faculty members has a positive influence on the optimal performance of social roles in the academic environment and also what are the factors affecting the level of social wellbeing benefits of faculty members that will lead to improving the performance of professors in the scientific environment. The extensive observation in this research was considered on an individual scale, and the sample was (N=200) people. The obtained results in this research show that the social well-being rate of men is higher than women. According to descriptive data, the average mark of social wellbeing for faculty staff has been 105.5, minimum 78, and a maximum of 128, which is considered proper and shows the social well-being of faculty members is high. However, there are some different items observed based on background properties. Implications of results will be discussed.
Dodi Irwan Siregar
This paper employs combination of SWOT analysis and analytic hierarchy process, in strategic planning for tourism of small simangambat village dalihan natolu Batak Culture, which is located in the north sumatera Indonesia. SWOT analysis identifies internal and external factors which are prioritized by expert in tourism domain by means of Analytic hierarchy process. The prioritized SWOT factors are used in strategies formulation using TOWS matrix. Results indicate that proactive communication strategy and isolation strategy with effective marketing promotional strategy were the best.
Indian animation is an influential facade in the modern world. Today where animation industry is developing continuously and becomes a beyond the imagination, the Indian animation is considered being navigator of the world animation, abundant passions and mandate creative exercises with the latest technical support which is recommended for achieving the position. The Indian animation industry is influencing not only the film industry and core animation field but also every single sector in the society. With this significance, Indian animation is being served in the world industry. Continuous journey through 2D, 3D animation and visual effects also including traditional animations have been encompassing the domain with unbeatable performance. However, the industry made own path through its constant effort where establishment might be very straggled full. This paper is a deep study on that gradual formation and development of Indian animation by providing valuable data and information.
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