Journal of Bioengineering & Biomedical Science

Nanotechnology has been revolutionizing biomedical research and applications, offering innovative solutions to challenges in diagnostics, drug delivery, and therapeutics. One recent breakthrough in this field is the development of engineered cell membrane-camouflaged nanomaterials. By encapsulating synthetic nanoparticles within natural cell membranes, these hybrid constructs combine the functionalities of both synthetic and biological systems, resulting in enhanced biocompatibility, prolonged circulation time and targeted delivery. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the design principles, synthesis methods and biomedical applications of cell membrane-camouflaged nanomaterials, highlighting their potential to revolutionize various aspects of medicine.

Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 is a crucial component of innate immune responses, particularly in orchestrating inflammatory reactions and shaping adaptive immunity. Its significance spans across various infections, where it modulates cell- and organ-specific immune responses. This article explores the multifaceted role of CARD9 in different infections, elucidating its involvement in pathogen recognition, activation of immune cells, and regulation of inflammatory pathways. Additionally, it delves into how CARD9 influences the immune response in specific cell types and organs, shedding light on its potential as a therapeutic target for infectious diseases. CARD9, a key adaptor protein, is involved in various cellular processes, including inflammation, autophagy, and cytokine production, making it a crucial player in the host defense against infections. In this review, we delve into the multifaceted roles of CARD9 in cell and organ-specific immune responses across different infections.

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to public health worldwide. Vancomycin, a potent antibiotic, is often used as a last resort for treating infections caused by such bacteria. However, the monitoring of vancomycin levels in patients' blood is crucial to ensure its therapeutic efficacy and prevent toxicity. In this article, we delve into the development and application of a one-step lateral flow immunoassay for the rapid and efficient detection of vancomycin in whole blood samples. We discuss the principles behind the assay, its advantages over traditional methods, and its potential implications for clinical practice.

Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Traditional methods of dengue surveillance primarily focus on monitoring human cases, which often results in delayed responses to outbreaks. This literature review explores the potential of utilizing Aedes larvae as an alternative means for dengue virus detection, providing insights into the development of effective strategies for dengue active surveillance. Through an analysis of existing research, this article highlights the advantages, challenges, and future prospects of this approach.