Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

Introduction: Adolescent reproductive health is the physical and emotional well-being of adolescents including their ability to remain free from unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortion, STDs including HIV/AIDS and all forms of sexual violence and coercion. The reproductive and sexual health decisions that young people make today will affect the health and wellbeing of their countries. Thus, a deeper and wider understanding of adolescents' sexual and reproductive health-related issues is one of the key pre-requisite information required in designing relevant, effective and comprehensive adolescent health programs.

Objective: The objective of this survey was to assess knowledge, attitude, practice, behavior and current needs of HIV/AIDS and reproductive health-related services among Mizan Tepi university students, southwest Ethiopia, 2012.

Methods: Institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study design triangulated with the qualitative design was conducted among 845 Mizan Tepi university students from November 15, 2011- December 15, 2011. Standardized, pre-tested and self-administered English version questionnaire, in-depth interview and focus group discussions were used to collect the data. The quantitative data entry was done using EPI INFO version 3.5.1 statistical packages and exported to SPSS version 16 for analysis. The result of focus group discussions and in-depth interview were first read, reviewed and categorized into themes. Finally, the concepts were developed into major themes under each discussion guides.

Result: The result indicated that the majority of respondents agreed that educational material related to sexual and reproductive health should be available in the university. Around 1/3rd have started sexual intercourse out of which more than half have started after they joined the university. It was also found that most students (80.2%) had knowledge of different contraceptive methods.

Conclusion: Nearly half of the respondents have a positive attitude towards the availability of contraceptives on the campus while the services were almost nonexistent in the university. Therefore, services like the provision of a consistent supply of contraceptives including condom should be available in the student clinic considering its convenience for the students.

Background: The study sought to determine the treatment outcomes of patients on first line ART with low level viremia (51-1000 copies/mL) as well as the risk factors for subsequent treatment failure at Harare Central Hospital in Zimbabwe.

Method: A cohort of 300 medical records of patients who were on first line ART between 01 January 2013 and 31 December 2016, and who had low level viremia at least 6 months post ART initiation were followed up to determine the treatment outcome.

Results: While only a single individual died, 11% had persistent low-level viremia, 74% suppressed, 8% failed treatment, and 6% had been transferred out and thus their treatment outcome could not be established. Only 17% recorded new opportunistic infection. The hazard of treatment failure were 3.37 times higher in subjects with 0-200 CD4 when compared to those with CD4 > 350 at baseline, while there were no significant differences in the hazard of treatment failure between subjects with 201 to 350 and >350 CD4 count at baseline. The hazard of treatment failure were 2.06 times higher in subjects taking ABC-N when compared to those on TENOLAME while there were no significant differences in the hazard of treatment failure between subjects on TENOLAME and TENOLAMN. There was no association between hazard of failing treatment and WHO stage, marital status, employment and duration on ART.

Conclusion: Patients with low level viremia must be closely monitored for timely switch to second line ART in the event of treatment failure.