International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences

Introduction: The establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994 emerged in Morocco through an agreement involving 124 countries. Its primary objective is to oversee and promote global trade liberalization, facilitate trade relationships, and eliminate trade barriers between nations. Afghanistan, subsequently approved for membership by its parliament, became the 164th member of the WTO. Among the chief advantages of WTO membership for Afghan Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are improved market access and reduced trade impediments. As a WTO member, Afghanistan gains access to the favorable trade conditions outlined in WTO agreements and regulations. Objectives: This study seeks to analyze Afghanistan's WTO membership and the integration of WTO rules into the nation's trade framework. Additionally, it explores the potential benefits of WTO affiliation for Afghan SMEs, encompassing enhanced market access, streamlined trade procedures, and expanded investment opportunities. Research methodology: Employing a descriptive approach, this study delves into the implications of WTO accession for Afghan SMEs. The research focuses on the province of Kabul as its target population. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed among government employees, economic experts, and entrepreneurs for data collection. Cronbach's alpha test was employed to ensure data validity and reliability. Results: The study's findings indicate that Afghanistan's emerging industries possess the capacity to compete with foreign imports. The country's WTO accession is anticipated to yield positive outcomes for entrepreneurs. Conclusion: Afghanistan's entry into the WTO has ushered in a blend of favorable and unfavorable consequences for its SMEs

This study investigated the role of competitive advantage consequences on bank performance. Few studies have looked at how competitive advantage affects company performance in emerging economies, notably in sub-Saharan Africa. This essay made an effort to do research to close that gap from an Ethiopian viewpoint. An answer gathered using a survey questionnaire from the sampled 383 CBE consumers in the Southern Ethiopian region of Dilla. Using the Statistical Evaluation Method (SEM) approach using SPSS and AMOS edition 26, the gathered data were examined for the association among the two hypothesized variables. The outcomes demonstrated that, via the negotiation process of competitive advantage has a favorable, considerable impact on performance of business. According to the findings of this study, commercial banks should employ competitive advantage as a means of gaining a competitive edge. Additionally, it was suggested that future studies examine the consequences of competitive advantage on competing companies.

After the COVID 19 pandemic they were a tremendous growth in digital banking and online banking system around the world. Study was made to build awareness and trust among the digital banking system in these regions with the consumer adaptation in the digital banking system. This transformation in transactions with empowers the country economies many recent days many changes took place in the payment system like digital banking system, internet banking, E-cash, mobile banking. The objectives of this research paper is to study the positive impact that digitalization of banking system. The present paper focus on analysis of the adaptation level of these digital banking system by customers. The primary data was collected from 384 respondents in Hyderabad region. The data is collected through the structured questionnaire were analyzed by using statistically by using Chi-square techniques.