Arts and Social Sciences Journal

The Major objective of the present study was to examine economic empowerment of women (independent
variable) and the role of NGOs (dependent variable) in District swat Khyber pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A sample size
of 270 from three Tehsils was randomly selected. The data were analyzed through frequency and percentage
distribution. Moreover, dependent variable was indexed and cross tabulated with independent variable. Chi-square
test statistics was applied to ascertain the relationship between dependent and independent variable respectively.
The study concluded that, empowering women economically means empower the whole family and women can
manage family budget better than male members. The government and nongovernmental organizations should
arrange an awareness programs and different seminars’ regarding women empowerment in economic affairs
specifically is the order of the day is put forwarded some of the recommendations in the light of present study.

One of the most significant drivers for achieving workplace success is the ability to motivate your subordinates or employees. It has always been a challenge for supervisors and managers to understand what makes each employee get motivated as no two employees are alike. Several motivation theories have emerged over time. This paper is based on the scoping and synthesizing of literature. Even though the theories of motivation are well grounded in both empirical and theoretical literature within the management field, and particularly human resource management domain, this paper aims to re-emphasize the relevance of motivation theories in contemporary management. It also highlights how that understanding can help administrators in public institutions to motivate their subordinates to carry out tasks more effectively and efficiently. The paper argues that no one theory of motivation is more effective or efficient in generating a positive employee workplace attitude, but largely depends on how each motivation theory is applied within an appropriate organizational context. Other lessons for administrators in public institutions are highlighted.