Arts and Social Sciences Journal

The commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the Formosa Incident was held in the Jing-Mei Human Rights Memorial and Cultural Park, an institution remodeled from the Jing-Mei Detention Center. The Formosa Incident happened in December 1979, when editors, among other staff, of the Formosa Magazine, a banned journal, which nevertheless printed and circulated four issues, were arrested from their gathering for the International Human Right Day. The 61 defendants were tried in courts-martial and put in prison (PTS News Network 2010). In the park, a public art installation by Yu Wen-Fu was vandalized by human right activist Chen Chia-Chun, who asserted that the installation was honoring the White Terror perpetrator Wang Hsi-Ling. Yu’s installation was a meadow of white grass with several doves perching over it. This meadow surrounded the housing unit of Wang where he has living under house arrest. But Wang was not a victim like the others incarcerated in this former detention center; he has a high-ranking officer of the secret service and was imprisoned because of a scandalous assassination he had been involved in. The dispute over the appropriateness of such a peaceful-looking artwork drew the attention of artists as well as the public at large. A question was raised: What is the role of art in helping us to understand history?

The present study is an attempt to study the major causes of out migration in Kalahandi district of Odisha. The study is mainly based on primary data collected through semi-structured questionnaire from two blocks of the district, namely Golamunda and Narla with the total sample size of 300 households. In selecting the sample households, a proportionate sampling along with simple random sampling technique has been used. The study used descriptive statistics, percentage, ratio and cross tabulation to analyze the data. The major findings of the study show that most of the migrants (96%) in the study area are seasonal (or temporary) migrants while a few migrants (4%) are permanent migrants. Among the different social categories, the intensity of migration is highest among SC migrants. Besides, most of the migrants are in the age group of 41-50 and basically the illiterate or very low educated workers (0-5 years of education) are migrated in large number as compared to relatively higher educated workers. So far as place of migration is concerned most of the migrants are migrated to the interstates and very few of them are migrated to the inter districts. The major reason for out migration is due to the lack of enough non-agricultural jobs in the villages. Thus, the study concluded that lack of enough non-agricultural job opportunities is the major reason of out-migration in Kalahandi district of Odisha.

This study was meant to examine the effects of internal control mechanisms on revenue generation in Rivers State Internal Revenue Service (RIRS) and was limited to within the time frame of 2007 to 2015. Primary sources of data were gotten and utilized in this study. Results of the analysis of the data revealed that significant relationship exists between internal control and revenue generation in RIRS. The study showed that effective application of Information and Communication Technology is vital in revenue collection in RIRS. Also, the issuance of Tax Identification Number (TIN), Internal Audit and Segregation of Duties as part of the internal control mechanisms were also examined in this study and found them to contribute to improved revenue generation in RIRS as well as blockage of leakages. The study revealed that these mechanisms are periodically reviewed in order to ensure their continuous relevance according to the dynamic nature of the agency and that internal control mechanisms are not a replacement for good management but vitals tools for managerial efficiency. The findings of this study provided the basis for recommendations such as steady update, upgrade and expansion of ICT facilities in the agency, prosecution of tax evaders, extensive monitoring, enlightenment campaigns and customers’ education, and adequate customers’ complaints and feedback mechanisms.

The study was sought to investigate the nexus between youth rural-urban migration and human insecurity in Ethiopia. The study, by assessing the major problems caused by youth rural-urban migrants, identify the major sources of human security in Wolaita Sodo town and explore the relationship between youth migration and human insecurity in the study area. Mixed research approach, which combines both quantitative and qualitative method, is used for this study. In order to identify the target sample, a multi-stage sampling technique was employed. Based on the research problem and objectives, both primary and secondary data sources are used. More specifically, the methods used to collect the necessary primary data were questionnaire and interview. Quantitative data are analyzed using descriptive statistics (like percentage and frequency) while the qualitative data collected through interview were used to triangulate the results of quantitative data. The findings revealed that, while housing problem and development of slums, urban unemployment, and urban crime are the most severe problems aggravated by youth rural-urban migrants, theft, and smuggling are the main source of human insecurity in the town.

Child labor is one of the major National and International issue. It has strongly affected the child’s social, psychological and physical growth the child labor does not only influence on social, psychological, and physical growth but it also affects the child education and allowing the child further into dark era of his life. This research study addresses the causes and consequences of child labor in agricultural sector of Hyderabad vicinity in Pakistan. The aim of this study is to highlight hidden factors related to child labor and providing the possibilities to policy makers and stockholders to mitigate this curse from the childhood in the agriculture sector of Hyderabad city of Pakistan. Researchers have applied “The theory related to concept of poverty” declares the child labor in terms of poverty. A sample of 260 respondents was taken from the targeted population, mainly focusses on close-ended questionnaire. Further, the raw data is analysed through (SPSS) software, and other techniques used for analysing the statistical data Non-parametric tests, ANOVA, reliability, Linear Regression and correlation Chi-Square test based on the collected raw data from individuals.

The ready-made garments (RMG) industry creates an important role to widen the socio-economic expansion of Bangladesh. In this paper, the focus is on the comprehensive understanding of the factors of committing fire related accidents in Bangladesh. Specifically, this paper attempts analyze the disability nature and psycho-social problems faced by women victim’s garments sectors of Bangladesh through an integrative perspective. The study is intended to explore financial suffering of victims during any accident in RMG sectors.The research has been conducted by using qualitative data collection methods. The main mode of inquiry used participant observation along with a variety of tools and techniques, such as in-depth interviews, informal conversation, key informant interviews, and listening to stories from the garment workers, injured, survived and members of bereaved families of the deceased garment workers. It reveals that the secret of the fire could not be discovered as most of the time the garments management and authority try to avoid the causes and reasons of fire occurring issues. In most of the accidents it is observed that only staffs and workers are burnt and succumbed to death but very few officers died or burnet. In other cases it is found that the death and partially disabled burned and victim’s staffs and their dependent families are neglected and some days later forgotten by the garments authority. The study also found that those victims who lost their family members, disabled members and the injured staffs receive insufficient support and financial compensation.

The article presents the implication of public service ethics followed by conceptual arguments based on the professional literature to raise and sustain ethical standards in the public sector. This paper tries to extrapolate wideranging facts about the unethical doings in civil service of Bangladesh. The main purpose of the study is to identify specific instruments that can be successfully implemented in public institutions in correlation with specific ethical problems based on the sources of evidence include valuable works of specialists and studies conducted focused on ethics in public sector. This article has been followed by a secondary qualitative data analysis specifically used use retrospective interpretation method to explore new or unanswered issue from the existing set of data. Conclusions of the paper refer that corruption, conflicts of interest, favoritism, and nepotism are the effects of unethical actions in opposite of these, values, morals, accountability and transparency are the constituent of public service code of ethics as well as good governance in civil service.