Tumor suppressor genes are critical components of the cellular machinery that regulates cell growth and prevents the development of cancer. Inactivation or mutation of these genes is a hallmark of many cancer types and plays a central role in tumorigenesis. This article reviews the clinical implications of tumor suppressor inactivation in cancer therapy, focusing on the therapeutic strategies that have emerged to target tumor suppressor-deficient tumors. We discuss the impact of inactivated tumor suppressors on cancer prognosis, treatment resistance, and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we explore various therapeutic modalities, including synthetic lethality, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and gene therapy, designed to exploit the consequences of tumor suppressor inactivation. The evolving landscape of precision medicine and personalized therapy in the context of tumor suppressor status is also examined. As our understanding of tumor suppressors and their inactivation deepens, the development of novel therapeutic approaches and the optimization of existing treatments offer new hope for cancer patients.
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