Moussa Diongole H*, Garba Abdoul Aziz, Moussa T. Zeinabou M, Seriba C. Idrissa, Dabo Ali S, Hanahi Z. Assoumane, Laouali Chaibou, Abdou Aliyu and Atanda Akinfenwa
Introduction: Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a common reason for consultation in nephrology, particularly in Niger. Kidney biopsy is an essential tool for the diagnosis and assessment of the prognosis of renal diseases especially those with nephrotic syndrome. Histological characterization allows for specific treatment to be instituted, thus facilitating better management of patients. However, there is paucity of reports from this part of the world. Our study aims to describe the histopathological aspects of nephrotic syndrome at the National Hospital of Zinder.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that took place over a 4-year period (between January 1, 2020 and August 31, 2023) in the Nephrology Department of the National Hospital of Zinder. Patients with NS who consented and had no contraindications underwent kidney biopsy following standard department protocol.
Results: We studied 62 patients over the study period. The mean age of the patients was 31.4 ± 16.56 years and age range of 15 and 34 years. The sex ratio was 1.81 in favor of men. The main medical history of the patients was arterial hypertension 33.87% of cases. The mean 24-hour proteinuria was 5.56 ± 3.33 g/24 h. The average number of glomeruli per biopsy core was 9 ± 6 with a range of 2 and 32. The histopathological lesions found were: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (25.81%), Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) (20.97%), MGL (19.35%), lupus GN (6.45%), GNA (3.23%), diabetic nephropathy (3.23%) and extra membranous glomerulonephritis EMG (2.6%).
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