Relevance to Psoriasis Pathophysiology: The Transcriptional Landscape of Repetitive Elements in Psoriatic Skin from Large Cohort Studies

Logan Smith^*
*Correspondence: Logan Smith, Department of Genomic Data Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Email:

Keywords

Transcriptional landscape • Psoriasis • Genomics • Pathophysiology

Introduction

Psoriasis, affecting approximately 2-3% of the global population, is characterized by chronic inflammation and aberrant epidermal proliferation, leading to distinctive scaly plaques on the skin. While the clinical manifestations of psoriasis are well-documented, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving its pathophysiology remain complex and multifaceted. In recent years, large-scale genomic studies have emerged as powerful tools for unraveling the intricate genomic landscape associated with psoriasis. This article focuses on the significance of repetitive elements in psoriatic skin, examining the transcriptional landscape derived from extensive cohort studies to provide a deeper understanding of psoriasis pathophysiology [1].

Literature Review

Repetitive elements constitute a substantial portion of the human genome and are categorized as either DNA transposons, retrotransposons, or tandem repeats. Traditionally considered "junk DNA," repetitive elements have gained prominence for their regulatory roles in gene expression, genome stability, and disease pathogenesis. In the context of psoriasis, repetitive elements are increasingly recognized as potential contributors to the dysregulation observed in psoriatic skin. Large cohort studies, utilizing high-throughput genomic technologies, have become instrumental in deciphering the genetic landscape of psoriasis. These studies involve the collection of genomic data from a diverse range of psoriasis patients, enabling researchers to identify key genomic variations associated with the disease. The integration of genomic data with clinical information provides a holistic view of psoriasis pathophysiology and aids in identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets [2].

Recent transcriptomic studies have shed light on the active involvement of repetitive elements in the transcriptional landscape of psoriatic skin. Altered expression of repetitive elements, particularly retrotransposons, has been observed in psoriasis patients compared to healthy controls. The dysregulation of these elements is implicated in modulating immune responses, influencing the expression of nearby genes, and contributing to the chronic inflammatory milieu characteristic of psoriasis. Identifying specific repetitive elements with differential expression patterns in psoriasis provides a novel avenue for biomarker discovery. These elements could serve as indicators of disease severity, response to treatment, and potential predictors of comorbidities associated with psoriasis. Integrating repetitive element expression profiles into clinical practice may enhance diagnostic accuracy and aid in personalized treatment strategies for psoriasis patients [3].

Discussion

Understanding the role of repetitive elements in psoriasis pathophysiology opens avenues for developing targeted therapeutic interventions. Modulating the expression of repetitive elements, particularly retrotransposons, could potentially influence the inflammatory cascade and epidermal proliferation observed in psoriatic skin. Emerging technologies, such as CRISPR-based gene editing, offer precise tools for manipulating repetitive element expression, providing a futuristic approach to psoriasis treatment. Additionally, small molecules targeting the enzymatic activities involved in repetitive element mobilization may offer therapeutic benefits. By inhibiting the retrotransposition process, it may be possible to mitigate the pro-inflammatory signals associated with repetitive element dysregulation in psoriasis. However, further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which repetitive elements contribute to psoriasis pathophysiology, paving the way for the development of targeted and effective therapeutic strategies [4].

Despite the promising findings related to repetitive elements in psoriatic skin, challenges persist in translating these discoveries into clinical applications. Standardizing methodologies for assessing repetitive element expression, establishing reproducibility across different cohorts, and accounting for patient heterogeneity are crucial considerations. Additionally, understanding the dynamic nature of repetitive element regulation over the course of psoriasis progression and in response to therapeutic interventions requires longitudinal studies [5].

The exploration of the intricate interplay between repetitive elements and other genomic factors, such as coding and non-coding genes, is essential for a comprehensive understanding of psoriasis pathophysiology. Integrative approaches, combining genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic data, will contribute to unraveling the complex regulatory networks involved in psoriasis and identifying key nodes for therapeutic intervention. The transcriptional landscape of repetitive elements in psoriatic skin, as revealed by large cohort studies, provides valuable insights into the intricate molecular mechanisms underpinning psoriasis pathophysiology. Recognizing the active participation of repetitive elements in modulating immune responses and influencing gene expression opens new avenues for biomarker discovery and targeted therapeutics [6].

Conclusion

While challenges persist, the evolving landscape of genomics and its integration with clinical data holds promise for advancing our understanding of psoriasis and translating these insights into personalized and effective treatment strategies. Further research, collaboration between multidisciplinary teams, and longitudinal studies are essential to unravel the full potential of repetitive elements in shaping the genomic landscape of psoriasis. As we delve deeper into the transcriptional intricacies, the prospects for innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment in psoriasis are brighter than ever before.

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

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