Allergic Reactions of Various Microbes

Emily Guyer^*
*Correspondence: Emily Guyer, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts, USA, Email:

Description

Allergic reactions are exaggerated sensitivities (hypersensitive reactions) that occur when your system responds abnormally to common substances like pollen, dust and certain foods. These substances, called allergens, are harmless during a majority of individuals. But for those that are allergic, they will cause reactions upon skin contact or once they are breathed, swallowed or injected.

Allergic reactions are quite common and should happen seconds to hours after contact with the allergen. Some reactions may take quite 24 hours to seem. Though many allergic reactions are mild, others may be dangerous or life-threatening. They may be localized, involving a little a part of the body or may affect an outsized area or the entire body.

Certain metal jewellery or certain cosmetics may cause skin rash in some, for example. Others sneeze uncontrollably on exposure to dust or pollen. An allergy begins once you touch, inhale or swallow an allergen. In response to the present trigger, the body starts making a kind of protein called IgE or Immunoglobulin E. IgE molecules bind with the allergen molecules in an antigen-antibody reaction. This attachment of the antigen and antibody leads to the release of some chemicals (such as histamine) in the body. These chemicals cause the inflammatory symptoms of allergies like rashes, itching and sneezing.

Symptoms of Allergies

People who have allergies are typically allergic to one or more of the following: pet dander, such as the kind from a cat or dog, bee stings or bites from other insects, certain foods, including nuts and shellfish, certain medications, such as penicillin and aspirin, certain plants, pollen, mold and dust mites. The symptoms of an allergic reaction can vary from mild to severe. If you become exposed to an allergen for the primary time, your symptoms could also be mild.

These symptoms may worsen if you repeatedly inherit contact with the allergen.

Symptoms of a mild allergic reaction can include: hives, or itchy red spots on the skin, rash, itching, allergic rhinitis, which may lead to symptoms such as nasal congestion or sneezing, scratchy throat and watery or itchy eyes. Severe allergies (usually to foods, insect stings, and medications) can cause the subsequent symptoms: abdominal cramping or pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, pain or tightness within the chest, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, wheezing, fear or anxiety, heart palpitations, flushing of the face, swelling of the face, eyes, or tongue, dizziness or vertigo, weakness and unconsciousness.

Treatment

People inherit a bent to be allergic, although to not any specific allergen. If your child develops an allergy, it is very likely that you or your partner has allergies. Immunotherapy or allergy oral immunotherapy is recommended if your symptoms aren’t adequately controlled with a combination of avoidance measures and regular medication use. This shot has been shown to be effective in properly selected patients with allergic rhinitis and/or allergic asthma.

Another treatment option is saline irrigation employing a sinus rinse kit. These rinse kits are sold over-the-counter or can be made at home. To make your own rinse, combine one-half teaspoon non-iodinated salt with one-half teaspoon bicarbonate of soda in eight ounces of distilled or boiled water. This mixture rinses out allergens and decreases the amount of inflammation (edema) they cause.