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Journal of Cytology & Histology

Journal of Cytology & Histology

ISSN: 2157-7099

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Oryza Glaberrima Quality Articles

Rice is a staple food for the majority of the world's population. While Asian rice (Oryza sativa) has been widely studied, the exact origins of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) are still disputed. Previous studies have supported a centered or non-centered geographic origin of the domestication of African rice. Here, we review the evidence for both scenarios through a critical re-evaluation of 206 whole genome sequences of domestic and wild African rice. Although genetic diversity analyzes support a serious bottleneck caused by domestication, the signatures of recent strong positive selection do not unequivocally point to genes candidate for domestication, suggesting that domestication s is developed differently from Asian rice - either by selection on different alleles, or by different modes of selection. Analysis of the population structure revealed five genetic clusters located in different geographic regions. Isolation by distance has been identified in coastal populations, which may explain the parallel adaptation in geographically separate demes. Although genome-wide phylogenetic relationships support an origin in the eastern cultivation area followed by diversification along the Atlantic coast, further analysis of domestication genes shows distinct haplotypes in the southwest, which suggests that at least one of the many key traits of domestication may have originated there. These results have shed new light on an old controversy over the domestication of plants in Africa by highlighting the divergent roots of African rice farming, including a distinct center of domestication activity in the highlands of Guinea. We therefore suggest that the commonly accepted centric origin of African rice should be reconsidered in favor of a non-centered or polycentric vision.

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Journal of Cytology & Histology received 2476 citations as per Google Scholar report

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