Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and an emerging public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Few studies have examined the performance of hypertension management in this region, where the context may be distinct from other developing regions. Goals. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and correlates of hypertension, awareness, treatment and control among adults in Botswana, an African middle-income country in rapid demographic transition with a high burden of HIV. Methods. In this 2014 cross-sectional survey of adults aged 15 to 69, information on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle and medical history was collected through face-to-face interviews and physical measurements (index body mass and blood pressure in triplicate (BP)). Hypertension was defined as the self-assessment of the use of antihypertensive drugs in the previous two weeks and / or an elevation of BP (≥140 / 90 mmHg). Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with hypertension, awareness (report of previous diagnosis), treatment (antihypertensives) and control (BP <140/90). Results. Our analysis (N = 4,007) gave an age-standardized prevalence of hypertension of 30% (95% CI: 28% to 32%, N = 1,393). Among hypertensive patients, 54% (50–58%) were unaware of their condition, 45% (40–50%) of those who knew were untreated and 63% (55–70%) of those taking the drugs were suboptimal (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg). One fifth of hypertensives diagnosed but not taking medication had BP ≥ 180/110 mmHg. Diabetes was the strongest correlate of hypertension and awareness (aOR 4.00, 1.86–8.59; aOR 3.30, 1.44–7.55, respectively). Men were less likely to be aware (aOR 0.62, 0.41-0.94) or controlled (aOR 0.36, 0.16-0.83). Obese people were more likely to be treated (aOR 2.17, 1.12–4.22), but less likely to be controlled (aOR 0.32, 0.15–0.66). Conclusions. We report the first representative national estimates of the cascading performance of hypertension care in Botswana, which will support planning and future policy assessments. The findings contribute to the relatively scarce evidence on this topic and may inform the development of innovations that improve the quality of hypertension management and support for adherence in similar settings.
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Case Report: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Case Report: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Research Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Review Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Review Article: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Cancer Science & Therapy
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Cancer Science & Therapy
Keynote: Alternative & Integrative Medicine
Keynote: Alternative & Integrative Medicine
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Cancer Science & Therapy
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Cancer Science & Therapy
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Alternative & Integrative Medicine
Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Alternative & Integrative Medicine
Cardiovascular Diseases & Diagnosis received 427 citations as per Google Scholar report
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