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Biomineralization Scholarly Peer-review Journal | Open Access Journals
Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species

Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species

ISSN: 2332-2543

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Biomineralization Scholarly Peer-review Journal

 The importance of hard corals in many research fields linked to global problems, such as marine ecology, climate change, paleoclimatogy and the evolution of metazoans, very little is known about the evolutionary origin of the formation of the coral skeleton. In order to study the evolution of biomineralization of corals, we have identified skeletal organic matrix proteins (SOMP) in the skeletal proteome of scleractinian coral, Acropora digitifera, for which large sets of genomic and transcriptomic data are available. A scrupulous annotation of the genes was carried out on the basis of comparisons of structures of functional domains among the metazoans. We have found that SOMPs include not only proteins specific to corals, but also families of proteins that are widely conserved among cnidarians and other metazoans. We have also identified several transmembrane proteins conserved in the skeletal proteome. Analysis of gene expression has revealed that expression of these conserved genes continues throughout development. Therefore, these genes are involved not only in the formation of the skeleton, but also in basic cellular functions, such as cell-cell interaction and signaling. On the other hand, the genes coding for specific proteins in corals, including proteins containing the domain of the extracellular matrix, galaxins and acid proteins, were expressed prominently in the post-colonization stages, indicating their role. in the formation of the skeleton. Taken together, the process of coral skeleton formation is assumed to be: 1) formation of an initial extracellular matrix between the epithelial cells and the substrate, using pre-existing transmembrane proteins; 2) formation of additional extracellular matrix using new proteins which have emerged by domain rearrangement and rapid molecular evolution; 3) calcification controlled by SOMP specific to corals

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Citations: 624

Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species received 624 citations as per Google Scholar report

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