Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine

The editorial mission of Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine is to report scientific research findings that advance understanding of all aspects of pulmonology and respiratory. Research covering a wide range of topics and emerging challenges in pulmonology and respiratory medicine is published. Pulmonary intervention and outcome research furthermore as qualitative and mixed methods analysis are within the editorial focus of Pulmonary Research. Basic, translational, and clinical research is published. Research about Pulmonary and Respiratory, Respiratory therapy is also published as is research describing new or advanced Research methods, Analytic strategies, and Analysis protocols. Our mission at Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine is to report scientific research findings that advance understanding of all aspects of pulmonology and respiratory. We intend to do this in the way we understand best-through editorial assessment, peer review, academic editing, and highly efficient production processes. We hope that all researchers strive to make their research findings known through careful, unbiased publication such as we aim to provide at Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine. We welcome your comments and importantly, your continued contributions to achieve the mission we have set for ourselves.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased reports of psychiatric conditions in patients who were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 infection and in those who recovered from the infection. It has also caused increased in mental and emotional difficulties in health care providers caring for COVID-19 patients. Some patients with preexisting psychiatric conditions also experienced worsening of their illness due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the pandemic has and continues to have an increased psychological impact on the general population. This review summarizes some of the psychiatric and psychological sequela of the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with pre-existing psychiatric conditions, patients infected and recovering from SARS-CoV-2, the health care providers and the general population.

Electronic Cigarettes (EC) are a new and popular harm reduction devices that are used to help current smokers quit smoking traditional cigarettes (TC).1 Although many public health practitioners would agree that this harm reduction strategy will be beneficial to the population, others would argue that it could be a gateway to smoking cigarettes for non-smokers, and young adults to start using EC.2,3 EC are not classified as combustible devices, but they still have some potential risks that can affect one’s health. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of EC and determine if there is a relationship between their use and the development of symptoms of respiratory diseases within the youth population.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has turned out to be the third driving reason of death worldwide today. The pharmacological drugs accessible to treat the COPD patient has expanded in the course of last decade. Patient with advance COPD are particularly at risk of poor result and present trouble on medical services. Combination of bronchodilator especially muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and B2-agonist (LABA) and combination of B2- agonist and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) are recommended for patient with moderate COPD, whereas combination of muscarinic antagonist, B2-agonist, and inhaled corticosteroid are recommended during severe COPD according to guidelines. They can possibly show additive and synergistic bronchodilation over either pharmacology alone. In the current manuscript, we have extracted data for analysis to compare disease progression in patient those receiving dual bronchodilation with a LABA plus a LAMA as a fixed or free combination (dual bronchodilation) and those receiving triple therapy of a LABA plus a LAMA and an ICS. Given the results from studies, our speculation was that: proposed efficacy and safety of triple dose therapy was more efficient and greater as compared to dual bronchodilation

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is caused by a novel virus known as SARS-CoV-2. The COVID-19 pandemic started in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China and has now spread across the world affecting more than 11 million confirmed cases as of July 2020[1]. COVID-19 had a devastating impact on the economy, capacity as well as the efficiency of the health-care sector internationally. Our hospital has been designated as the tertiary care hospital to cater to all suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients since March 2020. Materials and methods: We report three cases presenting to our hospital during the first few weeks of this transition with serious diagnoses and symptoms not consistent with COVID-19 infection. Results: All patients required specialist clinical input and cross-sectional imaging with imminent surgical intervention in two cases. The diagnostic work-up and management were unfortunately delayed due to the requirement of ruling out COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: Delayed management of patients with serious illnesses can lead to increased morbidity and even mortality with associated medicolegal consequences for the healthcare providers. Devising clinical and diagnostic pathways is essential in preventing avoidable delays and thereby mitigating the potential healthcare risks, particularly during any unfamiliar pandemic like COVID-19 in the future.