Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosis

Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the axial skeleton, characterized by inflammatory back pain, sacroiliitis and structural damage. Despite advancements in treatment options, there remains a significant unmet need for accurate diagnosis, prognosis and personalized therapeutic strategies. Molecular profiling techniques have emerged as powerful tools in understanding the pathogenesis of axSpA, elucidating molecular signatures associated with disease activity, severity and treatment response. This article provides a comprehensive overview of molecular profiling in axSpA patients, exploring its potential implications for precision medicine approaches.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) serves as a crucial source of biomarkers for various neurological disorders due to its proximity to the central nervous system. Recent advancements in proteomic techniques have enabled comprehensive profiling of the CSF proteome, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological conditions. Furthermore, the investigation of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) within the CSF has emerged as a promising avenue, offering valuable insights into intercellular communication and disease pathogenesis. This article provides an overview of proteomic approaches applied to CSF and its EVs, highlighting their significance in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic development for neurological disorders.

Blood transcriptomics, a burgeoning field in biomedical research, offers a window into understanding human health and disease at a molecular level. By analyzing gene expression patterns in blood samples, researchers can uncover crucial insights into various physiological and pathological processes. This article delves into the significance of blood transcriptomics, its applications in identifying multiple gene expression pathways and its implications for personalized medicine and precision healthcare.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in gene regulation and have emerged as significant players in various cancers, including breast cancer. Differentially regulated miRNAs in breast cancer have been extensively studied due to their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets. This article aims to provide an overview of the functions of differentially regulated miRNAs in breast cancer, highlighting their roles in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and drug resistance. Understanding the complex regulatory networks involving miRNAs in breast cancer could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches.