To make informed decisions and maximise China's efforts to reduce energy poverty, a simulation model for energy poverty policy is created. The model investigates the time-varying behaviour of the energy poverty system across time using system dynamic modelling, and scenario analysis is performed to evaluate and identify the most effective scenario. The findings indicate that from 2021 to 2030, there will be a gradual improvement of energy poverty. In 2030, the energy poverty index in scenarios I through VI will drop by 47.98%, 62.08%, 43.19%, 53.31%, 62.22%, and 88.42%, respectively, compared to 2011. While energy structure adjustment has a dual role in reducing energy poverty, it also has a considerable positive impact on employment and financial spending. China could attain its goals most effectively through a combination strategy.
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