Journal of Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosis

To Develop Strain Specific Molecular Marker for Easy and Proper Identification of Fungal Species Based on Molecular Characters: A Review

Abstract

Mukesh Srivastava, Mohammad Shahid, Anuradha Singh, Vipul Kumar, Sonika Pandey and Y K Srivastava

The sequencing of fungal genomes is advancing at breakneck-speed, producing voluminous amounts of data. Within the next five years, it is possible that over a couple thousandgenomes, representing every major fungal family will be completed and available to the scientific community. In order for this data to have a truly transformative effect on mycological and other research, however, several factors need to be addressed. These include; (1) the establishment of user friendly platforms for examining, sorting, and sifting through the genomes, (2) integration, or at least cross-communication, between the various databases that house the genomic data, and (3) investment in community resources that can act as repositories for and provide materials to researchers, i.e. strains, clones, plasmids, etc. The frameworks for some these needs, e.g. the materials available from the Fungal Genetics Stock Center (FGSC, University of Missouri), are already established and should be reinforced, whereas for others, e.g. data accessibility, the sooner that a plan can be implemented the better. The Fungal Kingdom is considered to contribute greater than 15% of the species richness found in the major groups of organisms .This study is a reflection of the usefulness of sequence analysis of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene in identifying fungal as well as determining fungal diversity. Various techniques that are based on utilizing the 28S rRNA have been discussed. Of critical importance is the manner in which massively parallel sequencing was exploited to correct the under representation of fungal species in compilations of fungal hat were drawn using traditional methods of surveying fungal species from ecosystems.