Hiba Sohail Akhtar*, Araish E Dil, Saad Umer Thanvi, Sherdil Shahzad, Izhan Alam, Ibrahim Mohammad Khwaja, Muhammad Sibtain Zulfiqar, Aamna Kamdi1, Mahnoor Khan, Sidra Ebrahim, Faqeeha Arif, Mirha Mohsin and Jawad Ahmed
Background: Over decades, acute pancreatitis has surfaced as an emerging gastrointestinal disorder with substantial mortality rates. However, its prognosis is influenced by certain socioeconomic factors.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to outline demographic and geographic incidence of acute pancreatitis and associated fatalities from 1999-2020. Methods: Mortality trends related to acute pancreatitis were derived using the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research) database. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates per 10,000 population and associated percent changes with 95% CI were calculated. Join point regression program was used to assess the trends across overall, demographic (age, sex, race, ethnicity) and regional subgroups.
Results: Between 1999 and 2020, 127,588 deaths resulted from acute pancreatitis among individuals aged 15 and older. Initially, the age adjusted mortality rate rose from 12.7 (1999) to 13.8 (2001), after which it gradually declined to 11.3 by 2020. Much higher mortality rates were observed among older adults of age greater than 85, males and those in non-metropolitan areas compared to other age groups, females, metropolitan areas, respectively. The highest Age Adjusted Mortality Rate (AAMR) over the study period was observed for non-Hispanic American Indians or Alaskan natives while the lowest overall AAMR was observed for non-Hispanic Asians or Pacific Islanders. Among states the highest mortality rates were observed in Kentucky and the lowest in California during this period.
Conclusion: Higher mortality rates were observed with advancing age, notably in individuals aged 75 or older, with increasing mortality rates in non-Hispanic Black/African Americans and males despite prevalent risk factors in females. Despite a general decrease in mortality rates, addressing persistent age, racial, and gender-related differences in acute pancreatitis outcomes requires targeted interventions and additional research.
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