Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Effects of Different Dispersing Solution on the Properties of Soil Particle during Hydrometer Test

Abstract

Emeka AE

Soil particle less than 75 microns can be analyzed for the distribution of various grains sizes of silt and clay. This is achieved through hydrometer test. In this study the effect of different dispersing agents on the hydrometer test were studied. Four different solutions of dispersing agent and soil samples were prepared. The first solution was prepared using 35 g of sodium hexa metaphosphate with 7 g of sodium carbonate (solution I). Second solution is prepared using only 40 g of sodium hexa metaphosphate per 1 litre of solution (solution II). Third solution is prepared using 40 g of sodium carbonate (solution III) and the fourth is prepared without using any dispersing agent rather, the two soil samples used were dissolved in distilled water (solution IV). After comparative analysis, solutions I and II were recommended as the best method for preparation of soil solution for hydrometer test. Percentage passing obtained for solution I differs from solutions II, III, IV by 3.20, 6.88 and 24.07 respectively; for sample A and 3.22, 11.1 and 19.52 respectively; for sample B. Solution I and II are consistent for both samples whereas solution III is not consistent showing that it depends on the nature of soil being dispersed. Therefore, sodium carbonate is added to solution I to reduce its hardness. The results obtained showed that solution I and II are recommended only as prescribed by BS and ASTM respectively.