The most prevalent type of tumor is lung cancer, which has emerged as one of the most significant life-threatening factors. The surgical treatment of lung cancer is becoming increasingly sophisticated as a result of advancements in equipment and public awareness. Patients with varying goals and stages of lung cancer can benefit greatly from surgery as part of individualized treatment plans. Additionally, a paradigm shift in the approach to lung cancer surgical treatment has been brought about by the concept of minimally invasive, precise, and intelligent procedures. As a result, the focus of this review is on the history of lung cancer surgery, focusing on the transition from traditional surgery to TVassisted minimally invasive thoracic surgery. A comprehensive overview of the various surgical methods' operating procedures and treatment outcomes, as well as future plans for their optimization and enhancement, are included. Nanotechnology is increasingly being investigated for use in the surgical treatment of lung cancer, which is in line with the idea of minimally invasive surgical techniques. An efficient treatment option for cancer in the present day is the application of nanotechnology in the imaging of lung cancer and the combination of Nano medicine and surgery. As a result, the potential uses of nanotechnology before, during, and after lung cancer surgery are also outlined in this review.
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