Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems

One of the important factors of planned urbanization is a sustainable mass urban transport. All most every metro have chosen Metro Rail has the mass urban rail transport. Electricity has always been the main source of energy for urban metro transport as it has all the qualities required for mass urban transport system. Different electric systems have been used world over to supply the electricity used for Mass urban rail transport systems, popularly known as the Traction energy requirement. In this paper the traction energy supplied using 750 V DC is being dealt with. In majority of the metro rail systems, the rolling stock is equipped with regenerative brakings. In the regenerative braking the electric motor can act as a generator recovering the vehicles kinetic energy and converting it into electric energy. In metro rail since the distance between the stations is generally around 1 km, so the frequency of the braking is high so this method can be efficiently used. This highlights the different methods that be used for efficiently using the regenerated power in an a 750 V Dc traction system.

The wired computer network provide secure and faster means of connectivity but the need of mobility i.e. anywhere, anytime and anyone access is tilting the network users towards wireless technology. This Paper Analyse the modelling and implementation of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) using different factors based on OPNET Modeller. Here OPNET Modeller is used to develop a new model that fits for Academic Site Location. Our model was analysed to measure the performance of factors of the wireless local area network based on such academic site location. Our model was tested adjacent to four applications (FTP, HTTP, Video Conferencing and Database) in four sites and found that other factors also were extremely influenced by the number of users per application with and without load balancer. OPNET Modeller simulation demonstrated the effect of load balancer on wireless and wire-line network for four different types of applications.

One of the most important parameter over the past decade in VLSI design is the Power dissipation during manufacturing test, as the circuit consume much more power during test than functional mode of operation. This paper presents analysis of low power testing techniques by which Power optimized test patterns are obtained. The compaction technique has been validated using benchmark examples, and it has been shown that average 33% of test patterns have been reduced by which power is minimized. Evaluation of various techniques under consideration in this paper is carried out by open source tool ATALANTA for test pattern generation and MATLAB for optimization.

This paper presents the starting time calculation for a squirrel cage induction motor. The importance of starting time lies in determining the duration of large current, which flows during the starting of an induction motor. Normally, the starting current of an induction motor is six to eight time of full load current. Plenty of methods have been discovered to start motor in a quick time, but due to un-economic nature, use are limited. Hence, for large motors direct online starting is most popular amongst all due to its economic and feasible nature. But large current with DOL starting results in a heavy potential drop in the power system. Thus, Special care and attention is required in order to design the healthy system. A very simple method to calculate the starting time of motor is proposed in this paper. Respective simulation study has been carried out using MATLAB 7.8.0 environment, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the starting time calculation.

The first step in an image recognition system is the edges sensibility in a digital image. Edge detection for object observation in image processing is the important part. This will give us a good understanding of edge detection algorithms. An edge is useful because it marks the boundaries and divides of plane, object or appearance from other places things. For pattern recognition it is also an intermediate step in the digital images. An edge consists of pixels with the intensity variations of gray tones which are different from their neighbour pixels. This paper introduces the standard edge detection methods which are widely used in image processing such as Prewitt, Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny, Sobel, Robert and also the new approach are discussed in this known as Fuzzy logic.

The paper discusses the maximum power point tracking in a grid connected PMSG based WECS. To the variablespeed wind turbine, if the rotor speed can always be adjusted to make the turbine operate under optimum tip speed ratio then it means that the turbine realizes the MPPT operation. For this purpose the P and O tracking algorithm is adopted. In addition to fully recognize the wind energy it is necessary to integrate it to the grid and hence grid parameters are regulated as well. The proposed system is developed in Matlab environment.

This paper deals with implementing a supervision system for coal mine and underground workers, which is essential to avoid the workers illness and death. The proposed recovery system consists of all primary aspects of the coal mine and underground areas. This system incorporates a sensor array, GSM, RF and controller modules. ARM7 (LPC2148) Microcontroller is fully automated measuring system. ARM7 processor is used for measuring the environment parameters with high reliability and accuracy and smooth control by using sensor networks. Consequently, advance detecting crucial conditions the microcontroller starts alerting the mine workers by the alarm system and sends the alert messages to fire and ambulance services by using GSM modem. In addition, the observed parameter’s value will be displayed on a PC by using RF (CC2500) module, which is at the control station. At the hazardous situation, this system shows the shortest and available way out path for the workers to move away from the harmful environment.

The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of a hybrid solar wind, fuel cell and battery energy system through Mat lab simulation studies. The main objective of this study is the development of dynamic models of an off grid (standalone) solar wind turbine, fuel cell and battery system which is used for charging and discharging. Maximum power can be extracted from PV module by using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) by controlling the duty cycle of a switch. The developed model of the wind energy conversion system consists of dynamic models for a wind turbine as well as induction motor or Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. In this thesis we have to control the sources depending upon the load condition. The solar installation cost is less than the remaining sources. So solar supplies the load continuously. If solar cell generated power is not sufficient, then the wind supplies. And if solar and wind generated power are not sufficient, then fuel cell will be operated along with solar and wind. A battery which is used for backup purpose will supply if solar, wind, fuel cell generated power is not sufficient.

A novel differential input pair and single output OTA is designed in this paper. This FCOTA is designed by using current mirror and its enhanced gain parameter and also is reduce the power dissipation and increase the gain bandwidth. Simulation results are performed using Mentor Graphics software model for CMOS TSMC 180 nm process technology. The supply voltage is given 1.8 v. The designed FCOTA has different capacitive load and according its Gain, Unity Gain Bandwidth, Power Dissipation, Phase Margin and Slew Rate are measured. Gain, Unity Gain Bandwidth and Slew Rate are optimizing up to 97.37 db, 20.83 GHz and 3.5075 KV/μs respectively. The power dissipation reduces up to 8.31 μW. This FCOTA is designed for wide band application because of high gain and high bandwidth and low power dissipation.