Journal of Clinical Case Reports

Introduction: Pneumatic colon injury is a severe condition rarely seen at general surgery departments that can pose some diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty.

Patients and methods: A case study and review of the literature.

Results: A young male was admitted to our intensive care department after being attacked by his co-workers and inflated with a construction compressor. The damage to the colon revealed during the surgery was unexpectedly massive and exceeded the pre-operative CT scans. Our patient had to undergo a subtotal colectomy and recovered well after the surgery.

Conclusion: In pneumatic colon injury and emergency surgery should be the method of choice, as the damage to the large colon is often devastating. A prompt CT scan can offer more accurate information on its extent. However, it should only be done if readily available and not delaying the operation procedure.

Background: Before the vaccination era, the incidence of gestational measles was approximately 0.5 cases per 10.000 pregnancies. In 2017, low immunization rates led to an increase in measles cases and its complications.
Case presentation: We report a case of congenital measles who presented during a large community outbreak in Italy. Polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin was administered to the infant. The newborn developed only a mild maculopapular rash without any further complications.
Conclusion: Thanks to the very effectiveness of vaccines, people may have forgotten the serious consequences of measles. This along with misinformation, has led to a decrement in vaccination coverage. Consequently, the measles outbreaks persist with their complications, such as congenital measles.

Copper sulphate poisoning is uncommon. We describe a patient with intentional copper sulphate poisoning and review the literature on the subject. This case report describes the rare entity of copper sulphate poisoning, its clinical features and reviews the current literature. A 28-year-old male, presented in November 2015 to the Department of Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, Johannesburg, with a history of intentional self-harm by poisoning. On examination he was centrally cyanosed, SpO2 81% on ambient air, with a metabolic acidosis and methaemoglobinaemia.

We report a case of preterm male newborn, admitted with complaint of respiratory distress developing soon after birth and developed clinical features of sepsis on 5th day of postnatal age. The sepsis profile which was initially negative became positive and blood culture showed growth of Achromonas denitrificans that was resistant to multiple antibiotics mainly cephalosporins. The neonate was treated with appropriate antibiotics and was discharged successfully. The novelty of the case report is that this is the first case report of neonatal sepsis caused by Achromonas denitrificans.

Cystic nephroma is a relative rare benign renal lesion with a bimodal age distribution. Diagnostic peaks occur primarily in the first 2 to 3 years of life, and again in the forty to fifty years. They are usually incidentally found as an asymptomatic abdominal mass. Radiologically, it is difficult to differentiate between cystic nephroma and cystic RCC in adults. The exact diagnosis primarily depends on the histopathologic examination. We present a 28-year-old male patient with a symptomatic, incidentally found left complicated renal cyst. A laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was performed on this patient. Microscopically, the tumor composed of variable-sized cysts lined by a layer of flattened or cuboidal cells that confirmed a diagnosis of cystic nephroma. The literatures were reviewed.